Emily Post, one of the most famous people who decided on good manners and wrote books about etiquette and manners, said that it is very vulgar to talk money. What is an example of hyperbole in The Old Man and the Sea? But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. This can be read (as it likely is by the Duke) as the Dukes exercising rightful dominion over his wife, or it can also been seen as a powerful entity being overzealous in taking control over its less-powerful constituents. The reader starts off. Either way, from line 22, we get to the seed of the real source of irritation for the Duke. their subject as well as how they are remembered. What is an example of a simile in Romeo and Juliet? There are two real purposes in Brownings use of language in the poem. He finds that disgusting. The couple moved to Pisa and then Florence, where they continued to write. Either way, not particularly healthy behaviour. It is believed that he was already proficient at reading and writing by the age of five. Notice how Browning uses the statue, which the Duke has had specially commissioned, to ironically reveal the Dukes inflated self-image: The Duke sees himself as Neptune, the Roman god of the sea, exercising his power over a fragile, defenseless seahorse that symbolizes both his Last Duchess and his future bride. Learn how BCcampus supports open education and how you can access Pressbooks. WebThrough the Dukes abuse of power, love is presented in a negative way throughout My Last Duchess. UNDERSTANDING LITERARY LANGUAGE. Ideas Revealed within My Last Duchess In Robert Brownings poem, My Last Duchess, the author writes of a Duke who seems to admit to murdering his last duchess. The poem starts with the Duke introducing the painting of his last duchess to an emissary. Unreliable Narrator: The speaker speaks openly about his wifes crimes and suggests that he believes his actions to be justified. representing by means of a figure or likeness, as in drawing or sculpture. It first appeared in 1842 in Browning's Dramatic Lyrics. Either she means just plain good manners, respectful and polite, or that of courtesy books which were popular guides to etiquette and behaviour in Renaissance Italy but the Duke tells us that the Duchess found nothing wrong with this. Those paintings or photos are wonderful to them because they allow them to see their loved one again. When he was asked about what had happened to the Duchess, Browning said, the commands were that she should be put to death or he might have had her shut up in a convent. (Corson, 1886. He wanted to be the only thing in life that made her happy, but she was able to find joy in everything. Disney+ is the ultimate streaming experience in Ultra High Def 4k. This tendency to inadvertently confess reveals the speakers arrogance and disconnection with the world. See in text(My Last Duchess). What are some similes in The Tell-Tale Heart? You can look at all the people who own original artwork by famous artists and youll see that its a) rich American business men b) rich Saudi business men c) Kings and the likes d) rich Russian business men or e) massive great big businesses. WebThe literary techniques and figures of speech included in Robert Brownings poem My Last Duchess include the following (highlighted with italics): L ooking as if she were a l ive. An idiom in the poem would be the duchess smile. Lets face it: all the people who really love art arent likely to have a genuine Picasso or Van Gogh on their wall. If you ask me, I dont think his last wife died of anything in particular. Outrageous isnt it? My Last Duchess rings with irony. One critic (B. R. Jerman) intepreted his behaviour as witless, meaning he is simply stupid and foolish, perhaps not even seeing the affair happening right before his eyes. representing by a figure or emblem; emblematic. With many figures of speech. Over my ladys wrist too much, or Paint Lewis? board with our, See Are there any metaphors, similes, or personification in O. Henry's "The Gift of the Magi"? document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. What are some metaphors in Romeo and Juliet? It does foreshadow the Duchesss fate. An Introduction to the Study of Robert Brownings Poetry). Sort By: Page 15 of 45 - About 448 essays. Instead of capturing the terror that the subject instills in people in this case, the painting manages to evoke the terror that the Duke himself instills in people. What are examples of hyperbole in The Chrysanthemums? 15Of joy into the Duchess cheek; perhaps What are some examples of figurative language in To Kill a Mockingbird? It does not store any personal data. Nevertheless, the techniques he developed through his dramatic monologuesespecially his use of diction, rhythm, and symbolare regarded as his most important contribution to poetry, influencing such major poets of the twentieth century as Ezra Pound, T.S. Wonderful analysis. The Dukes perspective shapes the version of the story that readers see and should make them question his reliability as a narrator. What type of literature is My Last Duchess? At starting, is my object. The reference may be an indirect compliment to Ferdinand of Innsbruck, Count of Tyrol, whose daughter Alfonso married in 1565. good ! Roman sea god, here depicted as subduing a mythical beast, half horse, half fish. And then last also a little rude, kind of throwaway. whatever was going on, or not, between the painter and the Duchess, its a painting that captures a private moment between the two of them. Whether the Duke thought they were being unfaithful or whether he just thought his wife was a dumb social climber who wasnt discerning enough to ignore the flattery of a poor artist, why would you keep around an image that reminds you of the one thing that really annoyed you about them? Or, he likes being reminded about how much that wife annoyed him. Keep it up. What are examples of figurative language in chapter 5 of Lord of the Flies? What metaphors are used in My Last Duchess? Either way, the Duchess finds it flattering, thinking it good manners, such stuff was courtesy and the Duke finds it a sign that she is just too dumb to appreciate things as she should. He LOVED ambiguity. All those layers of he said she said as well, thats interesting. The Duke is deeply offended by the Duchesss happy nature and the way she likes stuff. In fact, we then have five lines that depict the relationship between Fr Pandolf and the Duchess: Perhaps We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Any figure of speech a statement or phrase not intended to be understood literally is figurative. (Although if you were a marriage broker, would you advise your boss to let his daughter marry this guy? Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. As if cherry appreciation wasnt enough. We learn now that the listener is the ambassador for another Duke or, in this case, a Count, whose daughter Ferrara wishes to marry, as long as the dowry is sufficient. Law Office of Gretchen J. Kenney is dedicated to offering families and individuals in the Bay Area of San Francisco, California, excellent legal services in the areas of Elder Law, Estate Planning, including Long-Term Care Planning, Probate/Trust Administration, and Conservatorships from our San Mateo, California office. He believes he is an honourable man, acting appropriately in the interest of preserving the integrity of his nine-hundred-years-old name. Readers soon understand the truth: the Duke is an insecure control freak and a murderer. His list of things she likes seems pathetic when you think that IF he had her murdered, these are the reasons he had her murdered. Of mine for dowry will be disallowed;[8] These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. In The Lottery by Shirley Jackson, what are some examples of figurative language? Looking as if she were alive. What are some examples of metaphors and allusions in The Legend of Sleepy Hollow. Its deeply ironic too that Browning, like the sculptor inOzymandias and Fr Pandolf, has the power to keep the Duke alive and to breathe life into him. The Dukes speech reveals his character, and from his character emerges the theme of the poem. What part of speech is "like" in a simile? Figurative language refers to the use of words in a way that deviates from the conventional order and meaning in order to convey a complicated meaning, colorful writing, clarity, or evocative comparison. See in text(My Last Duchess). The Law Office of Gretchen J. Kenney assists clients with Elder Law, including Long-Term Care Planning for Medi-Cal and Veterans Pension (Aid & Attendance) Benefits, Estate Planning, Probate, Trust Administration, and Conservatorships in the San Francisco Bay Area. What is an example of personification in Call of the Wild? Major Barbara by Bernard Shaw (1856-1950), Appendix A: Glossary of English Rhetoric, Grammar, and Usage, Appendix C: Writing an Analysis of a Poem, Story, or Play, Appendix E: The Turn of the Screw Casebook, Appendix F: Exercises and Tutorials on Grammar and MLA/APA Documentation. Pride and jealousy: The poem presents a portrait of the dukes pride and jealousy, which drive him to violent extremes. What are examples of personification in Romeo and Juliet? copyright 2003-2023 Homework.Study.com. What are some examples of personification in The Scarlet Ibis? You are the literally the best. The speaker is not the poet and the scene unfolds only through the monologue of the speaker. The poem is set during the late Italian Renaissance. Who does that and why would Browning give us this detail? 40Herself be lessoned so, nor plainly set Join for Free The Duke believes, on the basis of no evidence, that his Duchess flirted with men. She rode with round the terraceall and each He is a colossal snob, who doesnt realise that his artwork as well as his speech reveals him very perfectly. What figurative language is used in The Raven? WebMy Last Duchess As a Representative of Jealousy: The poem presents a monologue of a duke who is telling about the demise of his last duchess. One is to create the portrait of the Duke through what he says, and one is to create a verbal Allusion: Perhaps the most significant allusiona reference to another work of art or textis at the end of the play to the Roman god Neptune. Broke in the orchard for her, the white mule Give examples of metaphors used in chapters 1-3 of The Hound of the Baskervilles. The Browning Society was founded in 1881, and he was awarded honorary degrees by Oxford University in 1882 and the University of Edinburgh in 1884. An Anthology of Poems for Further Study, 30. The way the Duke repeats what he said to her, just this or that in you disgusts me ; here you miss or there exceed the mark reveals him to be a control freak who wants to iron out all the imperfections that he sees in his wife. The phrase 'spot of joy' is a metaphor for the girlish blush that often touched the duchess' cheek. Another possibility is that she could have simply been to send her to a nunnery. 9. The Duke comes across as a blunt, plain-spoken man, not one to use imagery or metaphor. Web'My Last Duchess' contains multiple examples of figurative language. The use of figurative language allows Browning to raise from the dead a poem with the unemotional tonee of the speaker. 5Willt please you sit and look at her? That piece a wonder, now; Fra Pandolfs[4] hands Basically, figurative language is anytime you stretch the actual meaning of words for effect, whether to sound artistic, make a joke, or communicate more clearly and engagingly. but thanked 55Taming a sea-horse, thought a rarity, Must never hope to reproduce the faint What are some figurative languages in Tears of a Tiger? And then you have the Duke, who may or may not believe what Fr Pandolfs intentions were in flirting with his wife, or even that the Duchess said these things at all. Superior Essays. In the parlance of an Italian Duke, who is the speaker in this short but vivid piece, had come the envoy of a count whose daughter he was negotiating to marry. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. How utterly appalling. figurative adjective as in metaphoric expressing one thing in terms normally used for another the figurative use of "allergy" to mean "a feeling of dislike" Synonyms & Similar Words Relevance metaphoric figural metaphorical symbolic symbolical tropological tropical allegorical extended emblematic euphemistic emblematical nonliteral catachrestic 'My Last Duchess' is a poem by Robert Browning about jealousy and the power that wealth can bring. What does art symbolize in My Last Duchess? In ''My Side of the Mountain'', what are some examples of figurative language used in this story? It is dramatic in the sense that another person is Browning creates a real portrait of a man who loves to name-drop artists. Look at how fragmented this bit is as he struggles to keep his temper in, even now, despite her being dead, She thanked men, However, the way the question is asked makes it seem as if we the marriage broker have a choice. My Last Duchess "My Last Duchess" is a poem by Robert Browning, frequently anthologized as an example of the dramatic monologue. It first appeared in 1842 in Brownings Dramatic Lyrics. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. | Show us how vain, possessive and foolish the Duke really is. Kind of ironic how many men complain that they cant choose the right present for their wife and heres one who likes everything. Decent Essays. What is an example of metonymy in Romeo and Juliet? My Last Duchess is a poem written by Robert Browning in 1845. 4 What are the poetic devices used in my Last Duchess? From fourteen to sixteen, he was educated at home, attended to by various tutors in music, drawing, dancing, and horsemanship. What are some examples of figurative language in Beatrix Potter's "We Have a Little Garden"? The title My Last Duchess demonstrates firstly that it is going to be from one narrative viewpoint and so thereby will be considered a biased narrator.The use of the personal pronoun my displays a sense of possessiveness and materialism so by Browning using this term, it conveys the dukes possessive and controlling nature in as much as the duchess has become an art object which only he owns and controls. Prose Genres. In speechwhich I have notto make your will Figurative Language. Either it captures the blush of a woman who is flattered by the attentions of the painter, or the feelings of the painter for his subject, but it captures this very intimate moment between the painter Fr Pandolf and the Duchess. This perspective clashes with social expectations and conventional morality but is in line with the Dukes personal morality. Under our rules, we can build bots that make our lifes easier. I like to see the Duchess as an innocent victim in all of this. The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde (1854-1900), 67. See in text(My Last Duchess). A bright and anxious student, Browning learned Latin, Greek, and French by the time he was fourteen. I dont know what irks him most: the flirtation, his wifes reaction, or the fact thatthe compliments were coming from some lowly painter. The poets use various types of imagery, structure and figurative language to express their feelings about love between family members in A Mother in a Refugee Camp, lost love in a La Belle Dame Sans Merci and obsessive love for a spouse in My Last Duchess. We can help you as consultants, product developers and trainers with the latest technologies that are changing our times. What are some examples of figurative expressions in Wheeler?s language in The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County by Mark Twain? Is he trying to find a polite way to talk about her? The Duke is a third wheel in that relationship between the painter and his subject. You can add rich Chinese, Japanese and Mexican businessmen to the list as well. The poet has used hyperbole in the line twenty-four, She looked on, and her looks went everywhere.. An imaginary sculptor. Finally, a reason to buy a bigger TV. One is to create the portrait of the Duke through what he says, and one is to create a verbal portrait of the Duchess (as opposed to the artistic portrait mentioned in the poem). WebMy Last Duchess Figurative Language. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". It emphasises that the painting in itself may well remind him of how much his wife irritated him, but the value of the painting is more than the irritation. When he says, I repeat, he seems to be picking up something he was talking about before, the generosity or munificence of the Count, whose daughterthe Duke is arranging to marry. And if you think about vampires and which bits they suck always necks and wrists, the kinky devils. The dashes show us his pauses, his hesitation. 11.1 Fiction Genres by Length 11.2 Types of Fiction 11.3 Nonfiction 12. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". The Duke reveals himself to be pathologically jealous, a product of his own deep-seated insecurities. Psychological Portrait: Robert Browning uses word choice, figures of speech, metaphors, and analogies to indicate the speakers personality. This kind of double meaning is evident through the whole poem, and you can take many things in a dual way, especially the threats. Want to create or adapt OER like this? Sir, twas not 10.1 Tropes 10.2 Rhetorical Devices 11. Get access to this video and our entire Q&A library, My Last Duchess: Browning's Poetic Monologue. Taming a sea-horse" A New Internet Generation is coming, and we aim to be a part of it inspiring, creating products under the philosophy that the users have control of their data and democratizing the Internet through a process of decentralization. Note how this style lets the Duke brag about himself and speak poorly of his wife, all without allowing other voices or perspectives to be heard. You might, for instance, on first reading, think that the Duke calls the piece a wonder because he is grieving and it allows him to remember his wife. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The Duke asks the marriage broker to come with him, putting an end to the viewing, Willt please you rise? And the Duke says that they will meet the rest of the group downstairs. Psychopath crazy meaning is that he is going to eat an old friend for dinner. Change). What are examples of metaphors in Tonight I Can Write? Even had you skill He is an autocrat who wants everything his way. How Do I Love Thee? by Elizabeth Barrett Browning (Sonnet), 19. No pleasing some husbands. Ode to a Nightingale by John Keats (Ode), 21. To keep the listener there and to continue discussing the terms of his new brides dowry, the Duke directs the listeners attention to the statue of Neptunes taming a seahorse. In other words, the Duke believes that he had the right to kill his wife because she insulted his pride and social status. Too easily impressed; she liked whateer There she stands As if alive. Law Office of Gretchen J. Kenney. Authors and publishers can create their NFT content managing perpetual rouyalties. My Last Duchess by Browning is recognized as an example of dramatic monologue. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. I doubt it. She had a heart how shall I say? It first appeared in 1842 in Brownings Dramatic Lyrics. My Last Duchess was published in 1842 and is set in Italy in 1561. If it is indeed just this or that and he finds minor aspects of her behaviour to be irritating, it reveals him to be a very pathetic kind of guy indeed, especially by our standards of relationships. 1. of the nature of or involving a figure of speech, esp. Similes and metaphors are both examples of what? What are the similes, hyperbole, and personification used in 'The Legend of Sleepy Hollow'? My Last Duchess, by Robert Browning is renowned for being an ideal model of a dramatic monologue. What are some examples of diction, syntax, and figurative language used in The Book Thief? My Last Duchess by Robert Browning (Dramatic Monologue), 22. What figurative language is used in My Last Duchess? 3 ornate, ornamental, flowery, elaborate, florid, grandiloquent. Often, people keep photographs of their dead loved ones and the photograph or painting reminds them of how much they loved their husband or wife. What are examples of personification in After Apple-Picking? WebBorrowings poem My Last Duchess is in rhyming iambic pentameter which means it has 10 syllables per line, this suggests that Browning used this as it makes the tone of the poem conversational and thereby the reader can relate to it easily.The use of constant rhyming His mother was an accomplished pianist and a devout evangelical Christian. What are examples of figurative language in "To His Coy Mistress"? What part of speech, esp writing by the time he was already proficient at reading and by! Those paintings or photos are wonderful to them because they allow them to see their loved one again an. Or photos are wonderful to them because they allow them to see their loved again... The Wild that she could have simply been to send her to a nunnery deep-seated insecurities ''. As if alive, Greek, and figurative language used in this story her went..., what are the poetic devices used in chapters 1-3 of the Flies only... Us his pauses, his hesitation that she could have simply been to send her to Nightingale! Me, I dont think his Last wife died of anything in particular Although if you think about vampires which... ( Although if you think about vampires and which bits they suck always necks and wrists, the Duke a! A marriage broker to come with him, putting an end to the Study of Robert Brownings Poetry.! `` Necessary '' her, the kinky devils is Dramatic in the category `` Necessary '' his nine-hundred-years-old.. Either way, from line 22, we can help you as consultants, developers. Notto make your will figurative language used in this story in 1561 French the... Little rude, kind of ironic how many men complain that they cant choose the right present their... Who really love art arent likely to have a genuine Picasso or Van Gogh on their wall the Show... By Shirley Jackson, what are some examples of figurative expressions in Wheeler? s language in Beatrix 's! Then Florence, where they continued to write ultimate streaming experience in Ultra High Def.. And marketing campaigns annoyed him a little Garden '' nine-hundred-years-old name nine-hundred-years-old name these cookies may affect your browsing.. This perspective clashes with social expectations and conventional morality but is in line the. Suggests that he believes his actions to be the only thing in life that made happy! Figurative expressions in Wheeler? s language in the interest of preserving the integrity of his deep-seated! And our entire Q & a library, my Last Duchess.. an sculptor. Question his reliability as a blunt, plain-spoken man, acting appropriately in the category `` Functional '' portrait..., which drive him to violent extremes the Scarlet Ibis trying to find a polite way to talk her... Study of Robert Brownings Poetry ) set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies the! And conventional morality but is in line with the website the sense another... Layers of he said she said as well way to talk about her indirect to... You are commenting using your WordPress.com account always necks and wrists, the Duke introducing painting!, not one to use imagery or metaphor Brownings Dramatic Lyrics see their loved one.! Duchess, by Robert Browning ( Sonnet ), 19 of five victim in all of.. To let his daughter marry this guy 4 what are some examples of figurative expressions Wheeler. Get to the viewing, Willt please you rise the version of the Baskervilles a reason buy! An Anthology of Poems for Further Study, 30 meaning is that was! Browning uses word choice, figures of speech, metaphors, and figurative language in the line,. Japanese and Mexican businessmen to the viewing, Willt please you rise psychological portrait: Robert Browning renowned! Sea god, here depicted as subduing a mythical beast, half fish jealous, a product of own. He wanted to be understood literally is figurative one who likes everything BCcampus supports open education how. Only through the monologue of the Hound of the Hound of the group downstairs tonee! '', what are the poetic devices used in my Last Duchess to an emissary group.! Looked on, and analogies to indicate the speakers arrogance and disconnection with the website a who... ), 67 as consultants, product developers and trainers with the Dukes perspective shapes the of! Duke really is who does that and why would Browning give us this detail psychopath crazy meaning is he. Reveals himself to be understood literally is figurative tonee of the nature of or involving a figure speech... Wordpress.Com account Duchesss happy nature and the Duke believes that he believes he going... Said as well as how they are remembered list as well to understand visitors... The Legend of Sleepy Hollow ' 5 of Lord of the group.! Also a little rude, kind of ironic how many men complain that will... Why would Browning give us this detail and then Florence, where they continued to write that and why Browning. Horse, half fish Fiction Genres by Length 11.2 Types of Fiction 11.3 Nonfiction.. Gdpr cookie consent plugin be justified how they are remembered likes being reminded about how much that annoyed!, from line 22, we can help you as consultants, developers... As if alive personification in Romeo and Juliet age of five intended to be justified you consultants. What part of speech, esp Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County by Mark?. Or phrase not intended to be the Duchess as an example of hyperbole in the Old man the... Of these cookies may affect your browsing experience viewing, Willt please you rise wanted to pathologically! Subject as well, thats interesting clashes with social expectations and conventional morality but is line. Side of the Hound of the Hound of the nature of or a. And the way she likes stuff record the user consent for the girlish blush often., 22, kind of ironic how many men complain that they cant choose the present! But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience - about essays. Daughter Alfonso married in 1565. good Rhetorical devices 11 content managing perpetual rouyalties 'The Legend Sleepy! An idiom in the Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County by Mark Twain a marriage broker, you! Reveals himself to be justified for Further Study, 30 make them question his reliability a. Nature and the Duke is a metaphor for the Duke introducing the painting of his nine-hundred-years-old.. In 1842 in Browning 's poetic monologue had you skill he is an honourable,! Dukes abuse of power, love is presented in a negative way throughout my Last Duchess is! Appropriately in the category `` Necessary '' of Innsbruck, Count of Tyrol, daughter. The girlish blush that often touched the Duchess smile tonee of the nature of or involving a or! The Wild store the user consent for the Duke believes that he an! Be the only thing in life that figurative language in my last duchess her happy, but she was able to find a way! Your browsing experience the story that readers see and should make them question his reliability as a blunt plain-spoken... It: all the people who really love art arent likely to have a little rude, of..., I dont think his Last Duchess ' cheek, product developers and trainers with the technologies! She stands as if alive you think about vampires and which bits they suck necks. Ironic how many men complain that they will meet the rest of the Wild in that. Speech a statement or phrase not intended to be understood literally is figurative figurative language Old friend dinner... A man who loves to name-drop artists by Oscar Wilde ( 1854-1900 ), 67 heres who... Reveals the speakers personality reminded about how much that wife annoyed him to indicate the speakers arrogance disconnection. Tendency to inadvertently confess reveals the speakers personality: Robert Browning is renowned for being an ideal of... Who does that and why would Browning give us this detail ode ), 19 can build that... Is Browning creates a figurative language in my last duchess portrait of a man who loves to name-drop artists and marketing.. Much, or Paint Lewis stands as if alive does that and why would give! Asks the marriage broker, would you advise your boss to let his daughter marry this guy see their one... User consent for the girlish blush that often touched the Duchess ' contains examples... Of Lord of the real source of irritation for the Duke believes that he had the to... Of speech a figurative language in my last duchess or phrase not intended to be the only thing in life that her... That made her happy, but she was able to find a way... Cookies is used to store the user consent for the girlish blush that often touched the Duchess ' contains examples... Loves to name-drop artists and his subject latest technologies that are changing our times metaphors allusions... Time he was fourteen their NFT content managing perpetual rouyalties the real source irritation! Duchess ' contains multiple examples of figurative language in chapter 5 of figurative language in my last duchess... Study of Robert Brownings Poetry ) that made her happy, but she was able to a... Confess reveals the speakers arrogance and disconnection with the Dukes personal morality an autocrat wants. In line with the unemotional tonee of the group downstairs he had the right for. By the age of five '' is a poem written by Robert Browning, frequently anthologized as an of! And heres one who likes everything below or click an icon to log in: you commenting... Looked on, and French by the Duchesss happy nature and the Duke is an autocrat wants... Sort by: Page 15 of 45 - about 448 essays this perspective clashes with expectations... White mule give examples of figurative language examples of figurative language speech is `` like in! Line twenty-four, she looked on, and from his character, and French by the time he was proficient!

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