Deggwa, Ethiopian antiphons, in particular are of much later origin, dating from the second half of the 16th century. The web value rate of . [4], By the beginning of the sixth century, in Yared's lifetime, Ethiopia had been Christianized. () -., 18 - = , 11 - = , 20 - = , 21 - = , 3. The Nebab Bet, the Reading School or the House of Reading is the first stage of the traditional schools, where primary instruction is given. Generally, the approach to reality is well mixed with mythical attitudes. = , 2. One important reason memorization is so stressed all through the Church Schools is that writing materials were traditionally not well developed. b) Qene Bet Here the student attempts to put the letters together in a chanting form and read them as a word. BEALTI XELOT ( ) : https://youtu.be/yyz8lAfwMFY6. = , 21. ( . ) . [7] The Synaxarium of the Ethiopian Church attests that Ethiopian liturgical chants are faithful to Yared and divine in nature. . During the evening the student endeavours to find the proper music to fit the Qene model he is going to compose; since all Qene has to be sung, his Qene piece must be suited to a corresponding musical form. . . ( ) 1 - () = : 19 = When he has composed his Qene verse after the model assigned to him by the teacher, he then approaches the teacher, who sits for the most part of the day at a place known to all. The student recites the product of his intellectual labour. Usually, there is no financial support for the students who must earn their living by begging and occasional works. The students begins by learning first the simplest Qene form known as the Gubae Qana which is epigram composed of two rhyming verses. We find the Nebab Bet in practically all churches and monasteries, in a number of villages and in the compounds of well-to-do landlords. = The Qne bet schools differ in their thinking and teaching methods. . The student learns Qene with more interest and motivation than the other disciplines, such as Zema. He repeats this for months. In other words, the church is successfully bridging the transition from strictly traditional scholarship to a new, dynamic era where traditional learning and modern education will blend together to ensure the continuity of Ethiopias Christian heritage in the setting of modern world. selected epistles of St. Paul, St. James, and St. Peter; the Gospels, usually the Gospel of St. John is used as a text for exercise; Arganon: praises of St. Tamara Mariam: the miracles and wonder of St. Mary; Paulos: the epistles of St. Paul; Tamara Iyasus: the miracles of Jesus; the Acts of the Apostles, etc. 6 . , 23. Such schools may perhaps play a wider role within the context of the national campaign for literacy and provide more instruction for adults as well as young pupils. The student strains his power of expression to construct the Qene verses in a vivid, enigmatic manner or to express his experience in social life in connection with biblical stories, visions, and legendary events. In all these schools the students must learn the material by heart. . = . Last Checked: 01/18/2023. ( ) :: :. We find the Nebab Bet in practically all churches and monasteries, in a number of villages and in the compounds of well-to-do landlords. = , 08. [12], Liturgical chant used by the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, Saint Yared's Hymn for the Feast of Saint Stephen, "Ethiopian chant | vocal music | Britannica", "Ethiopian Christian Liturgical Chant & Historical Context", "Choeur Saint Yared: Chants de L'glise thiopienne", "Oral and Written Transmission in Ethiopian Christian Chant", Norwegian University of Science and Technology, "St. Yared: The Great Ethiopian Composer", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ethiopian_chant&oldid=1124513207, Articles with dead external links from December 2019, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. - ., 2. What is the process of learning the letters? These are most widespread but there are other forms, e.g. A member of the Oriental Orthodox family of Churches, the Church of Ethiopia shares with them in essence a common faith. - . = , 25. [8], Ethiopian liturgical chants are based on both written and oral sources,[9] but the isolation of Ethiopia and the lack of source material make it difficult to reconstruct the exact history of Ethiopian church music. The work of the day is first reviewed, in which a lively discussion is usually generated. = [ .. ], 3. For the authority of tradition in present day Ethiopia remains compelling and forceful. 13 - ( ) = . Written by Professor Sergew Hable Sellassie and Professor Tadesse Tamerat 2, 117). The office of a priest is particularly attractive to tenants or landless peasants, because a priest in his area enjoys privileges, and his office entitles him to possession of the land known as Semon land. To specialize in Qene so as to be a teacher in a higher school, the student must attend several schools and study more branches of Qene, which means studying and wandering for some years more. The following is a typical example of a Metsehaf Bet lesson. . = , 22. = [ ], 3. This process is known as Qutir, i.e. Ethiopian Orthodox Church (EOC). As a next step to help him distinguish individual letters, he is led to pronounce each letter reading from right to left and then from top to bottom. [ ], 9. Their functions are extending rather to teaching, writing, ritual music, poetry, dances, painting, and administration of the church. In their present form the church schools evolved during the golden age of the Church from the 13th to the 16th centuries when the literature of the Church had reached its peak. a) Zema Bet (Music school) b) Quene Bet and (Poetry school) c) Metsehaf Bet which again have different subdivisions. . The function of an altar priest is limited to carrying out the rituals of the Mass and the Sacraments. The main interest and purpose of the school is, however, not to develop poetic and other aesthetic interests in the child or youth, but to enable him to carry out the Church rituals. a) Fidel (Alphabets) Instruction Thus relatively little education is expected from a young man to be ordained an altar priest. raider. 1) The Nebab Bet This is the general term for the School of Commentaries composed of four branches. , 1. The teacher may then make some remarks on the students work for the day. 19 - .. . 20 = (2) . . = [ ]. The wandering student expects a high position in the church hierarchy. = [ ], 7. [ . ], 4. We have seen that the Qedasse bet trains mainly the altar priests, who are known as the semonegna (those who serve weekly). A teacher specialized in Qedasse or the Mass is to be found in practically all the main churches. . . = , 3. [ . ], 3. To demonstrate this we should describe the average study day at the Zema Bet. The related musical notation is known as melekket. Theoretically, both boys and girls and members of all ethnic groups and classes are eligible to enroll in church schools. , 15 -. = , 20 - . Ethiopianorthodox.org traffic volume is 941 unique daily visitors and their 1,881 pageviews. Not only did it preserve its ancient tradition with tenacity and convey it to future generations but it also secured remarkable continuity that has lasted to the present day. When the teacher is convinced from his daily observations that his pupil had mastered the reading exercises, he lets him start to learn the reading of the Psalms. If one misses a word or an idea, another member of the group recalls it and supplements. = , 22 - . Ethiopian Orthodox Church school's curriculum and its ways of provision, assessment, code of conduct, methodology and the livelihood of Ye'qolo Temari. The teacher first translates the sentence into Amharic and then comments on it. The commentaries of these teachings do not proceed under systematic theological or historical categories, but when each sentence or phrase of a text is interpreted, depending on the content, theological, moral and historical questions are raised, discussed, and developed. The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church Home English Franais Deutsch Oriental Church Music Photo Gallery Video Links Calendar = = 2003-Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church -About-us . (Literature school) 1) The Nebab Bet The Nebab Bet, the Reading School or the "House of Reading" is the first stage of the traditional schools, where primary instruction is given. One of the group reads a sentence or a phrase. The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church > > > > > > //// . Instruction in the Nebab bet consists almost exclusively of reading. . For this purpose scanty training suffices. / eathebook ! As the main task of the session some Geez verbs are conjugated, and the proper usage of selected verbs and nouns is demonstrated by examples from different Qene verses composed by the teacher and advanced students on the spot. = , 11 - = , 12 - = , 13 - = , 14 - = , 15 - . When the pupil knows the letters to some extent, he starts to practice reading a text. Ethiopian liturgical chants were developed only after that. The girls from traditional families who have attended the school usually marry before or shortly after they complete the lessons in the House of Reading. At the end the graduation ceremony is closed by inviting him to sit on the chair (wmbr) of his master. The expressions are vividly illustrated with parables, analogies, proverbs, and popular wisdom. BETI HAILI : ( ) : https://youtu.be/krOS4KgG_249. Ethiopian liturgical chant, or Zema, is a form of Christian liturgical chant practiced by the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church. Modern theological colleges exist which combine traditional studies with the broader curriculum demanded in the twentieth century. This is available for about ten cents in every market place in the country, so that the traditional parchment is disappearing. Now the child practices read learns to take much care over words that must be read to together, the accents, the pauses and the soft or hard pronunciations of the syllables. The school has a reputation for having its students promoted. To help the child distinguish the different characteristics of the alphabet another table has been prepared. After repeating the entire book of Psalms several times using Wurdnebab, he continues reading for months, even over a year, using the Qum-Nebab reading method. The heavy demands of cultivation and cattle tending force the parents to demand the services of their children. (2), - = , 8 - = , 2 - = , 9 - = , 12 - = , 7 - = [ ]. In the evening the pupils come to the house of the teacher, which is also at the same time the school itself All stand around the teacher while the lesson is given. He is credited for inventing the zema of the Church; the chant that has been in use continuously for the last almost 1500 years. . 2003-Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church -, 1. They are known as ararai, ezil and geeze. The pupil must first perfectly master Gz and build up his vocabulary, which is the main instru ment of learning as well as composing and interpreting qne. The four steps are repeatedly drilled on the same text, Fidel Hawaria. = , 21. On such tables the number of the letters and the forms in the seven orders remain the same, but the place of the characters is changed or mixed up, so that the child cannot depend only on his memory and the sequence in which he has memorized the characters. = , 18. , . C) Reading the Psalms At this stage memorization is not felt as a burden by the student, because ever since his early days in the Nebab Bet he has developed his powers of memorization. Each group sings from a single text, or one of the groups sings and the rest observe him. Quick Summary . The place of instruction is usually a communal hut near the teachers dwelling known as the Mahber Bet, or simply in the open or under a tree. : : 1. = , 12. It may be that church schools as a whole will take on a new impetus and play an important role in raising the general level of education of the clergy in the future. Online. When the pupil is able to read a text, he starts a new lesson known in Amharic as Yemata Timhirt, i.e. Usually a candidate for his training is attached to a priest or monk to whom he gives certain services, accompanying him on visits of families, festivals, and ceremonies in and outside the parish. . . In some cases the Ethiopic catechetical book, the Aemade Mestir (Columnae Mister), particularly Mistere Sellassie (on the Trinity), is taught in Amharic. [ ], 1. Debesey/Exesabeque#Eritrea #Ethiopia #TigraiWay Zema/ : Dn Filmon Yebyo: Orthodox Tewahdo Mezmur 2021https://youtu.be/oEOuYUPqFi4Zemari Filmo Yebyo Zemari Bereket Tikue Zemarit Mari AlemZemarit Hermela YehishoDebesey/Exesabeque1. [6], Students of Ethiopian liturgical chants study the Ge'ez language, and begin practicing singing in childhood. = , 8 - () = - - . Parallels are quoted from the history of the country while interpreting the passages on the Holy Land. = , 23 - . 2003-Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church -, 1 - () = , 19 = , 2 () = , 20 = ( ) , 3 - , 21 = ( ) , 4 - () = , 22 = () , 5 - () = , 23 = () , 6 = , 24 = ( ) , 7 () = , 25 = ( ) , 8 = , 26 = , 9 = , 27 = ( ) , 10 = , 28 = ( ) , 11 = , 29 = ( ) - , 12 = , 30 = ( ) - , 13 = ( ) = , 31 = ( ) - , 14 = , 32 = , 15 = , 33 = ( ) - , 16 = , 34 = () - , 17 = , 35 = () - , 18 ' = ( ) . = , 16. = , 5. The pupil then repeats the sentence till he knows it well. The rest, including the teaching the traditions and service of the Church, is learned through daily experience in the parish itself. However, Ethiopian Churches in smaller communities face challenges in maintaining the liturgical cycle and musical tradition. The third branch is Liqawent, which presents studies and comments on the various writings of the Church Fathers, e.g. Addis Ababa December 1970. = [ TELEMEN (): https://youtu.be/lEIR5RLZf6o#Debeseymezmur #EritreaorthodoxTewahdo #EthiopiaOrthodoxMezmurSubscribe https://youtu.be/Cqo7dsEE7Wo Zemari Bereket Tikue Zemarit Mari AlemZemarit Hermela YehishoZemari Filmon Yebyo ' Subscribe #Eritrea orthodox, #Ethiopian orthodox,#Tigrinya mezmur, #Amharic Mezmur, #Addis Ababa,Teahdo mezmur, #Debesey Mezmur, #orthodox tewahido,ethiopian news,seifu on ebs,ethiopian orthodox church,ethiopian orthodox tewahedo,orthodox sibket,daniel kibret,begena mezmur,ethiopian orthodox sibket,ethiopian orthodox mezmur new,eritrean music,Eritrea orthodox tewahdo,amharic mezmur,eritrea orthodox tewahdo,bereket tikue,keyari tarikey,bereket tikue mezmurEritrea orthodox tewahdo\reritrean music\rethiopian orthodox mezmur mariam\rethiopian orthodox mezmur new\rethiopian orthodox mezmur\rethiopian orthodox sibket\rbegena mezmur\rdaniel kibret\rorthodox sibket\rethiopian orthodox tewahido\rethiopian orthodox tewahedo\rtewahido church\rethiopian orthodox church\rseifu on ebs\rethiopian news\rorthodox tewahido\rDebesey Mezmur\rTeahdo mezmur\rAddis Ababa\rAmharic Mezmur\rTigrinya mezmur\rEthiopian orthodox\rEritrea orthodoxEritrean music\r Eritrea orthodox tewahdo\rethiopian orthodox sibket\rbegena mezmur\rdaniel kibret\rorthodox sibket\r#ethiopian orthodox tewahedo\rethiopian orthodox church\rseifu on ebs\rethiopian news\r#orthodox tewahido\rAddis Ababa\rAmharic Mezmur\rTigrinya mezmur\r\r#Eritrea orthodox\rHidmona\rnew eritrean movie 2020\r#Debesey Mezmur\rethiopian orthodox mezmur mariam\rethiopian orthodox mezmur\rTeahdo mezmur\rnihemia\rmusic eritrea\reritrea music\rcomedy of eritrea\reritrea comedy\rhidmona comedy\rwarwarta\reritrean film\reritrean movie 2020\reritrean music 2020\reritrean comedy\reritrean movie\reritrean film 2020\rbest eritrean film 2020\rNew eritrean comedy 2020\rhdmona tv\rhabesha comedy\rhabesha music\rHDMONA NEBARIT\rMahlet\rEritrean\rethiopian orthodox mezmur new\rBereket\reritrea orthodox tewahdo\rethiopian orthodox tewahido\r#tewahido church\ramharic mezmur\rShegye Shegitu\rbest music\rNew Eritrean Music 2020\rEthiopia music\rRora\rNew ethiopian tigrigna\radmas\rAmharic\rTigray\rATA Eritrea orthodox tewahdo/eritrean music/ethiopian orthodox mezmur mariam/ethiopian orthodox mezmur new/ethiopian orthodox mezmur/ethiopian orthodox sibket/begena mezmur/daniel kibret/orthodox sibket/ethiopian orthodox tewahido From a young man to be found in practically all churches and monasteries, in Yared 's,... 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