<> When it was attacked and sunk on September 18, 1944, by Tradewind, the Junyo Maru was packed with 1,377 Dutch, 64 British and Australian, and 8 American prisoners of war along with 4,200 Javanese slave labourers (Romushas) bound for work on the railway line being built between Pakan Baru and Muaro in Sumatra. Generally, the Japanese guards were responsible for providing rice and other ingredients for meals, and the POWs took turns preparing the food. 8 0 obj <> The information they provided gave urgency to the question of further exchange agreements, but in spite of unceasing negotiation, this draft was destined to be the last to be repatriated from Japanese custody until the liberation of the Philippines in February 1945. Low-income prisoners, including foreigners, are particularly vulnerable to social inequality. Bang Kwang is one of the most feared prisons in Thailand housing inmates sentenced to long periods in prison from 30 years to a full life sentence. Kachidoki Maru (AKA Kakko maru/President Harrison). Site of the infamous Palawan massacre where Japanese troops with Kempeitai (Military police) officers murdered 139 US POWs. Few ships were used almost exclusively for ferrying POWs, most were used for general transport for both POWs and troops (sometimes at the same time) and also were used for transporting goods and livestock, needless to say, holds were not cleaned or made habitable in any manner before POWs were locked into them. With the lights of Japan in sight on 26th June 1944 one of the ships in the convoy exploded after being torpedoed by the US submarine USS Tang. Sailed from Ambon to java departing on 31/8/44 and going via Makassar and to Surabaya with 300 pows on board, arriving in Java on 29/9/44. Sailed from Takao Taiwan on 22/8/44 bound for Japan (Unspecified port)arriving 8 days later with 707 POWs on board. *6 the forgotten highlander Alistair Urquhart 2010, *8 Waterloo daily courier (Australia)February 16, 1945. Roofs of the POW camps were marked with the letters PW and relief supplies were dropped by parachute using US Navy fighter-bombers and US Air Force B-29 heavy bombers. It should be noted that only in the case of Japan proper (i.e. The Tokyo and Osaka Camps had attached hospitals, Shinagawa POW Hospital, and Kobe POW Hospital, which treated seriously ill patients from each branch camp. Argyle Street Camp was a Japanese World War II Prisoner-of-war camp in Kowloon, Hong Kong which primarily held officer prisoners. We urge people to consider the unsanitary conditions, overcrowded cells and the constant threat of disease before they get involved in drugs. Suga was based at Batu Lintang internment camp, although he was usually elsewhere at the other POW camps under his jurisdiction. After a battle lasting nearly 3 months in the Bataan region of the Philippines the US garrison surrendered. sailed from Singapore on 16 May 43. 10 0 obj The camp commandants often refused to reply to questions put to them. Or by navigating to the user icon in the top right. The rail line was built along the Khwae Noi (Kwai) River valley to support the Japanese armed forces during the Burma Campaign. The prisoners of war allocated to this force were all sick men, with Diptheria and dysentery amongst other illnesses. De Brug - The Bridge on the River Kwai (Khwae-Toi). In the prison camp and on the way to work, guarding the POWs was the responsibility of the Japanese Army soldiers and camp staff. le nom de verbe offrir; description d'une foret qui fait peur; graves d'ardonneau tarifs; pronote lyce romain rolland ivry sur seine; htel formule 1 auch A BRIT who spent six months in a Thai prison after being fleeced by an ex has told of the torture and abuse he suffered behind bars. The survivors were put aboard the Brazil Maru which arrived in Moji, Japan, on January 29, 1945. The detached camp was a branch camp of a smaller size, typically a mine or factory camp. The POWs declined offers to blindfold. WO 361/1753 Prisoners of war, Far East: Thailand list by Major Tanner, Royal Army Service Corps; deaths. Following the withdrawal of British troops in 1971 the area was taken over by the Singapore Armed Forces and still has one of the main concentrations of military facilities on the island. To prevent the further loss of lives, Colonel E. B. Holmes ordered the POWs to sign the documents of non-escape. On October 24th 1944 Commander E. N. Blakely spotted the unmarked Arisan Maru through his periscope on the USS Shark submarine. Note: there may be duplicated entries for some camp descriptions as camp names and sub names are often confusing: i.e. The bedding was on the floor and each bed was rolled into a bundle during the day to allow for more space. With his beautiful Thai girlfriend, he regularly attended high profile parties and entertainment events and was often seen with beautiful women. In 2016, one of Lances legal team, Jeffrey Stevens. At Sandakan and Ranau and Brunei, North Borneo, batches of prisoners in fifties and sixties were marched out to dig their graves, then shot or bayoneted and pushed into the graves, many before they were dead. (Khwae Yai). The Battle of Bataan ended the next day with an Allied surrender. its the last stop. The two camps were only separated by a small river/canal with a bridge built across it. Disregard for human life andsuffering built this railway, nothing else would have done so. There is no accurate total number for the number of deaths on this march although estimates range from 5,000-10,000 Filipinos and 650 US troops. Updated 06:33, 20 JUL 2019. While hundreds of these POWs were not considered a threat by the Japanese and were used as 'guards' at Gun Club Hill Barracks and other areas, 500-600 Indian soldiers considered anti-Japanese were held at Ma Tau Chung in very unpleasant circumstances. Violence by the guards was often reported, and it was common to receive a Binta (strong slap on the face) or various kinds of beatings. Burma -Thailand 'death' railway. The four others were recaptured by Imperial Japanese naval vessels, where one died shortly after reaching land. Sailed from Surabaya, Java 22/04/43 to Ambon/ Ceram/ Haruku arriving 04/5/43 with 1071 POWs. Only 550 of the 900+ who sailed from Taiwan were still alive; 150 more men died in Japan, Taiwan, and Korea in the coming months, leaving only 403 survivors of the original 1620 to be liberated from camps in Kyushu, Korea, Manchuria, and Taiwan in August and September 1945. To-151 Kamioka Prison (Gummyoji) Yokohama. % Both prisoners had their sentences confirmed by the Thai Appeals Court in September 2016 when they both appeared before the court shackled together. Many of the deaths happened immediately after the POWs arrived in Japan from South East Asia. He spent time in three jails, including Bang Kwang, the notorious "Bangkok Hilton". Prisoners are forced to live in horrendous conditions and constant fear. Conditions in Korean camps were amongst the best a POW could hope for in territories under Japanese control. Privacy Policy and Attempting to stop further attempts, the Japanese required all POWs to sign a pledge of non-escape. Jake Mostraini, the Australian man, must wait at least two more years to even apply and will serve a far longer prison term in Australia as his sentence in Thailand was two life sentence terms. Keijo, and to a lesser extent Jinsen and Mukden, were manipulated by the Japanese as "show" camps, open to the IRCC, to demonstrate to the Allied powers Japanese chivalry towards prisoners. This category has the following 6 subcategories, out of 6 total. The registers give minimal information about each prisoner, apparently compiled for the Japanese camp administration although the majority of the information is given in English. (We have a copy of The Prisoner of War magazine from February 1943 which notes a visit to Woosung camp Near Shanghai, China and mentions 3 of the main camps in Japan proper as having had visits). It was a place of starvation, torture and terror, a place of madness and, for many, death. Moreover, for most of the war period, it was estimated that some nine-tenths of the 300,000 Allied prisoners and civilians in Japanese hands were held in occupied territories, south of a line running roughly from Rangoon to the northern Philippines, in which not only were inspections of camps forbidden but no relief action of any kind could be undertaken without express permission from the Japanese authorities. The following 58 pages are in this category, out of 58 total. The young man, who is now 32 years of age, is believed to be suffering from the physical and mental effects of 5 years in Bangkoks Klong Prem prison on the outskirts of Bangkok in Chatuchak. H-Thailand 3270 pows left 5/5/43 and disembarked Bam Pong, 1979 men were British in this party, many of which had arrived in Singapore in February from Java. Emaciated Australian and Dutch prisoners of war held by the Japanese at Tarsau in Thailand Credit: News Dog Media Korean sex slaves are rescued after being forced to act as 'comfort women' for . As Commander of all POW and civilian internee camps, Suga was responsible for the many atrocities that took place in these camps, including the Sandakan Death Marches. Sean Flanagan from Cumbria was sent to Pattaya Remand Prison Thai authorities took seven months to investigate death Initially claimed he fell off wall before admitting he was assaulted twice Man. Toyofuku Maru (AKA Hofuku Maru/Fuji Maru). Briton freed after 17 years in Thai jails feels 'let down' by FO Duncan Campbell Tue 15 May 2007 20.53 EDT A Blackpool businessman who spent more than 17 years in jail in Thailand, including. Mark Rumble, 31, was extradited back to the UK from Thailand on January 27 The kempeitai were the military police of the Japanese Imperial army during World War II. Though correctional facilities across the globe are subject to different laws, the sad truth is that prisons often fail to rehabilitate people and reduce crime rates. Not one of them survived. There are currently no records online of roster lists, but it is often fruitful to look at other areas a POW could have been sent to locate anything. Some eventually went to a POW camp in Jinsen (Inchon), Korea, where they were given light duties, mainly sewing garments for the Japanese Army. Often used for staging POWs up and down the railways' line, the hospital was a base from November in 1942 until April in 1944. 14 0 obj On 3 April a second raid by Liberator bombers of the U.S. Army Air Forces damaged the wooden bridge once again. 2-300 Australian & British POWs along with up to 5,000 Dutch POWs were forced to help build the road into the interior nearly 70km long between Blangkedjeren & Takengon. From British mathematician Arthur Thomas Doodson's Tide-prediction machine, and PLUTO (short for 'pipeline under the ocean . The 7,000 men within this unit composed of 3,444 British and nearly 3,600 Australians, the Journey took 5 days and ended at Ban Pong, although then a 200-mile march ensued towards Burma. It left Manila on 13 December 1944 and over the next two days was bombed and strafed by American planes. 1 0 obj The other countries holding UK citizens are Bangladesh, India, Thailand, the UAE, St Kitts and Nevis and the United States. The group of prisoners was then moved to San Fernando, Pampanga. Not all camps had the same regime; some were far stricter than others often very much to the point of brutality so dont be too surprised to hear of vastly differing experiences. Water had to be carried for one mile as the water main had been broken during the bombing. Carried 1,000 prisoners from Makassar, Celebes to Nagasaki, Japan beginning October 10th, 1942 and arriving 13 days later. There were Japanese civilian doctors or medical officers who came around the camps, or there were the POW medical officers in each camp who conducted treatment. As a result, the site had a well-constructed military infrastructure, including three major barracks Selerang, Roberts and Kitchener as well as many other smaller camps. More than one in five of them died there. The chain of command responsibility that led to Yamashita's execution is now referred to under war crimes as the Yamashita standard. name list of British prisoners in Fukuoka POW Camp No 2, Nagasaki, Japan. Object details Category Books . Don was amongst some 900 British P.O.W.s aboard the Kachidoki Maru, being transported from Malaya to Japan. In January 1942 it was emptied, with the POWs moving to Shamshuipo, North Point, and Ma Tau Chung Camps. All the other guards received long prison sentences. (Other reports state 548 POWs and no survivors. The lags abroad include drug mules Michaella Connolly and Melissa Reid holed up in Peru after being convicted of attempting to smuggle cocaine worth 1.5million from the South American country to Spain in August 2013. Used to ferry some of the party of 2200 British, Dutch & Australian POWs including RAF from Singapore to Moji (Japan) leaving 5th June 1944. She was deliberately scuttled by the Dutch to prevent her from falling into enemy hands but the Japanese refloated and salvaged her in 1942. The entire march was judged later to be a war crime and started with many atrocities such as thesummary execution of some 400 Filipino officers immediately after the surrender. The remaining prisoners were then transported by train to La Union. There is some dispute about the length of time he will have to serve ranging from 10 to 20 years but it certainly will be a long term of imprisonment in a UK prison. Both ships reached Takao harbour in Taiwan on New Year's Day, where the smaller group of prisoners was transferred from Brazil Maru to Enoura Maru, and 37 British and Dutch were taken ashore. For example, they were limited to 100 letters. Brazil arrived at Moji, Japan with approximately 425 of 1,619 POWs that began the trip on Oryoku Maru on December 13, 1944. Many of the others sentenced with me died before the sentence was carried out because they became so ill. "The normal execution was with three bursts of nine bullets from a machine-gun and you would hear it being carried out," said Mr Davies, who has a son, daughter and ex-wife in Britain. The senior officer of the Japanese army commanding General Tomoyuki Yamashita was executed at Bilibid Prison in 1946 after being found guilty of allowing the murder of unarmed POWs. Because of Thailands strict laws and Buddhist ethics, many farangs, aka foreigners, find themselves in trouble for silly social media posts or even vaping. Several times a month, meat or fish was provided, but as the food situation in Japan worsened, the meat disappeared. Inatsuki (Yamano) Branch Camp (Fukuoka 8-B), Osarisawa (Hanawa) Branch Camp (Sendai 6-B), Hiraoka (Mitsushima) Branch Camp (Tokyo 12-B), Kumamoto Branch Camp and Fukuoka Branch Camp (Fukuoka 1-B), Kawasaki Ogimachi Branch Camp (Tokyo 2-B) (aka The Mitsui Madhouse), Nagasaki Mitsubishi Dockyard Branch Camp (Fukuoka 14-B), Fushiki Hokkai Electro-Chemical Branch Camp (Nagoya 6-D), Toyama Nippon Soda Branch Camp (Nagoya 7-D), Toyama Tateyama Heavy Industry Branch Camp (Nagoya 8-D), Toyama Nippon Express Branch Camp (Nagoya 9-D), Fushiki Sea and Land Transportation Branch Camp (Nagoya 10-D), Toyama Nippon Soda Iwase Ironworks Branch Camp (Nagoya 11-D), Niigata Sea and Land Transportation Branch Camp (Tokyo 5-B), Niihama Isoura Branch Camp (Hiroshima 2-B), Nishi Ashibetsu Branch Camp (Hakodate 4-B), Yakumo Detached Camp (Hakodate 1-Detached), Yamashita Camp see Yokohama Ship Loading Dispatched Camp (Tokyo 19-D), Mitsubishi Heavy Industry Yokohama Ship-building Dispatched Camp (Tokyo 1-D), Nippon Steel Tube Tsurumi Ship-building Dispatched Camp (Tokyo 3-D), Osaka Ship-building Yokohama Dispatched Camp (Tokyo 10-D), Nippon Steel Tube Asano Ship-building Dispatched Camp (Tokyo 13-D), Yokohama Proof-brick Dispatched Camp (Tokyo 18-D), Yokohama Ship Loading Dispatched Camp (Tokyo 19-D), Zentsuji Headquarters Camp & Zentsuji Subcamp 3 (Hiroshima area POW Camp). Yet, nobody can prepare people for prison food! Sometimes they were thrown into very small cells without food. Initially, there were Japanese language lessons for officers, at first compulsory, then voluntary. Censorship was a prime difficulty in the way of prompt delivery: piles of uncensored mail were found in some Japanese camp offices on liberation, and it seems probable that some were destroyed to avoid the work involved in censorship. 1600+ British POWs arrived here on May 20th 1943 from a 300-mile march from Ban Pong. Bang Kwang is a grim place holding long term prisoners, and is where the death sentence is carried out on rare occasions. Used to ferry 1287 British, Dutch & Australian POWs including RAF from Singapore leaving on 4th July 1944. Breavington asked to be finished off and more rounds of bullets were fired into the four.. After the Japanese surrender, Argyle Street Camp became a centre for displaced people returning to Hong Kong. Only 550 of the 900+ who sailed from Taiwan were still alive; 150 more men died in Japan, Taiwan, and Korea in the coming months, leaving only 403 survivors of the original 1620 to be liberated from camps in Kyushu, Korea, Manchuria, and Taiwan in August and September 1945. It was just brilliant and it really helped. G-Japan leftChangi and sailed from Singapore for Japan on 26 April 1943 on theKyokko Maru. 73 Jaokunnen Rd, Ban Nua, Kanchanaburi 71000 Thailand, WO356 index numbers for specific camps within the National Archives. In most camps blankets were provided by the camp, however, many POWs reported that the severe winter cold adversely affected their health. His conviction is currently under review in Thailand, and we are hopeful it will be overturned. Changi was liberated by troops of the 5th Indian Division on 5 September 1945 and within a week troops were being repatriated. The Imperial Japanese Army ran all camps in the North, with the Japanese Navy controlling those in the south. She describes the whole journey, in one Facebook post, as the will of God which she and her son try to accept. This wasnt the last dead body Id see there and as I soon discovered, every day would be a struggle for my own survival. Of the 267 Australians onboard only 72 survived. (v# bRJQ@}'3;;39EF}=78ehFjM;-n; ]k9"#. Carandiru Penitentiary (closed and demolished) - In 1992, the prison was the site of the Carandiru massacre. CHANGI POW CAMP was opened after Singapore's fall on February 15th 1942 and was the main camp for the captured British and Commonwealth forces. a camp might be known both by its main (parent) camp and by that camp's location and also by its subcamp names and its location. This turned out to be fortuitous as his fellow accused, Jake Mostraini, pleaded not guilty and was handed down two life sentences. There were 2 camps at Inrin, one was a temporary camp. The following are some examples of deaths that resulted from Allied military actions; 32 POWs of Kamaishi Branch Camp (Sendai No. Changi POW camps: TNA index reference & location: WO 367. 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