Don't forget the temporary New Empire Stadium in Vancouver, built for the BC Lions and the Vancouver Whitecaps while the roof at BC Place is replaced. You want the stadium to be able to withstand strong winds and other forces that could knock it down. Its ab 100% PE monofilament yarn. Without the Tiger-Cats, there is no legacy use for a 15,000 seat stadium at this location.". A smaller venue will generally cost less to build than a larger one. In stadiums where steel construction tribunes will be built, iron reinforced concrete is poured for the infrastructure of the tribune. It is illuminated by 128 pieces of 2,000 watt projectors. I'm starting to get a bad feeling this will be all over but the crying soon. It is made in 13mm thickness. How many people came to see the New Zealand vs. uhsomebody series that was in Florida within the last couple of years? The cheapest stadiums to build are those that use existing structures or temporary seating. The Unversity of North Texas is building a very nice stadium - the US's first LEED stadium - for about $80M. The most expensive stadium built was Cowboy stadium, in Dallas Tx, completed in 2009! The team would also build an adjacent public park. Plus, imposing new taxes introduces new administrative costs and makes the economy less efficient. The impact of this spending ripples outward into other areas of the economy through a multiplier. An Artists Impression On How The New Stadium Will Look The image above is courtesy of the Everton FC website more images and information can be found. Don't worry, Bob Young owns many corporations. Where do these numbers that I cannot find come from? It is clear that not all citizens in a community benefit equally from the presence of professional sports franchises in their city. After the steel construction works are completed, the seats are assembled. The world is full of Kings and Queens who blind your eyes and steal your dreams. Public participation in stadium costs has grown in recent years. By Oliver_PinkStuff (registered) | Posted August 06, 2010 at 16:30:50. Why couldn't we build a 25,000 seat stadium at West Harbour for $102 million? With the average high school football stadium seating 5,000 people, it makes sense that many small towns need to build their own stadiums rather than pay high ticket and concession costs to travel to other cities. By jason (registered) | Posted August 03, 2010 at 11:47:20. maybe the university has 3 highways running through the middle of it. By F. Ward Cleat (anonymous) | Posted August 03, 2010 at 11:44:49. If it means anything, the Spec, hasn't refreshed or bumped up comments on their blog for a very long time. Academic researchers have examined the prospective economic impact studies and found a variety of methodological errors in them, all of which raise doubts about the magnitude of the predicted spending and job increases. It is estimated that the stadium will cost around 500m to build. For building one of the prestige stadiums designed so Qatar can dazzle the world in 2022, eight hours a day, six days a week, this is 140: a little under 35 per week; 5 per day. The exact cost of your stadium depends on many factors like location, size and type of seating. This period covers all processes including production, transportation and assembly. Montreal has recently expanded their downtown stadium to 25,000 after this size was deemed necessary for financial viability. The most demanded stadiums are those with a capacity of 10,000 people, 15,000 people and 20,000 people. Since you're asking about a "mini stadium," I'm going to assume this is not going to be for a professional major-league sports franchise or top-tier college (and the amenities that go with those). This stadium is going to be one of a kind because it will have 40000 seats and a retractable roof so that people can enjoy watching games indoors or outdoors depending on what time of year it is. Yet such anecdotal evidence is unconvincing: it simply shows that the recipients of highly concentrated benefits are easier to find than those who suffer the extremely diffuse costs. After 85 years, the most storied venue in American sports will be torn down. Here is a list of the 31 NFL stadiums and their construction costs. Huge windfall for a few developers, and sadly underperforming public revenues. I'm gonna make a call and see if we can set this up. Newspapers routinely run articles about the great business done by bars and restaurants in the neighborhood of a stadium. In their research, Baade, Baumann, and Matheson use monthly sales tax data, while Lavoie and Rodriguezs analysis utilizes monthly hotel occupancy rates in Canadian cities, to find a less aggregate measure of economic activity that may be linked to sporting events. 5.000 Seats Stadium 10.000 Seats Stadium 30.000 Seats Stadium Integral Sports stadiums include; Football field in Fifa standards, Athletics track in IAAF standards, High-strength roofed or roofless steel tribunes, 128 pieces of 2.000 Watt lighting system enabling live TV broadcasting in the evening, Perimeter and scoreboard displays, These venues often have more than one playing surface with accompanying locker rooms, concession stands and restrooms, as well as luxury boxes and club seats. Water drainage and football comfort is enabled with the geobera drainage shockpad. Could another 4,500 seats have been added for another $40 million? Do we really know the entire truth about all of this? Alan Dugdales Moustache Well-Known Member Feb 22, 2019 #4 I'd contribute towards a new stadium if there was an official campaign to raise funds, I really would, once this nightmare is over and assuming the worst happens. We look forward to announcing the cities that will host teams in the near future and, Group A - USA, Colombia, Costa Rica, Paraguay, Group C - Mexico, Uruguay, Jamaica, Venezuela, Group D - Argentina, Chile, Panama, Bolivia, Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, & the former Soviet Repu, salaries for some of the top players in SLPL, http://www.insideindianabusiness.com/newsitem.asp?ID=54102, (You must log in or sign up to post here. But some teams have spent significantly more than this average price tag: The San Francisco Giants AT&T Park reportedly cost about $1 billion; Yankee Stadium II cost about $1. No longer are they built to honor the sacrifices of American soldiers. I will vote West Harbour the day before the council vote, but I truly think we can have two votes here. It has all of the best amenities and is located in London, England. But how much does it cost to build a 5 000-seat football stadium? It spends about $16,000 per game excluding paper supplies. But in the end, evidence from the monthly data does not support the notion that stadiums and sports franchises deliver sizable economic benefits. Under construction for well over 3 years, this stadium cost $3.4 billion and became one of the most elaborate venues to ever host the World Cup. It consists of 2 layers. And its something Congress should remember when evaluating the future of U.S. tax policy. It cost $950,000 to initially build the stadium, a total that equals $13 million today. The project is expected to cost around 30 million ($39.5 million), with about half of that used to buy Victoria Stadium. 99.500/m2 130.600/m2 yarn count. It complies with IAAF standards. Sports fans that attend a game may reduce their visits to the movies or to restaurants to free up finances for game tickets and concessions. Despite the lack of evidence for widespread growth in income and employment, or even increased hotel occupancy, state and local government subsidies for stadiums, arenas, and professional sports may still be sound public policy. It is a system approved by the International IAAF. The $150 million to build a 15,000 seater stadium will include corporate facilities, media rooms, catering and kitchens etc all air conditioned and are high range in quality. By Undustrial (registered) - website | Posted August 03, 2010 at 23:46:05. If so, then youll want to make sure that theyre accessible from all areas of the stadium so that visitors dont have trouble finding them if they get hungry during a game or concert. Another example of a stadium that has a large capacity is the Ombaka National Stadium in Bengula, Angola. It holds over 46,000 people. 960 Gr/m2 1.870 Gr/m2 yarn weight. It has warranties of 5-8 years. If there was a realistic chance of the people of Coventry actually involved in such a venture I think it would be a great thing to do. The University of South Florida (USF) recently discussed building a new football stadium on campus that would seat 35,000 with construction beginning in 2024. The dumber this gets, the harder it's going to be to justify a stadium at all. They certainly provide consumption and public-good benefits that are not measured by pure economic data. Thursday morning a group called the Coachella Sports and Entertainment Stadium Authority will announce plans to build a $300 million, 12,000-seat mixed-use stadium in Thousand Palms. Third, whether the stadium subsidy comes from raising local taxes or from slashing public servicesor from bothits effect is to reduce the net spending generated by the stadium project. 685.850/m2 775.000/m2 yarn count. For example, MetLife Stadium opened in 2010 with an estimated price tag of $1 billion but that included $600 million in public subsidies from New Jersey taxpayers and another $300 million from New York City taxpayers (for renovations at Giants Stadium). Applicable Building Codes Revenue Generation CLICK TO REQUEST A QUOTE High school bleachers normally cost anywhere from $100 a seat to $500 a seat. In Chesterfield, England, the Proact stadium cost just over $10 million. 600 Gr/m2 1.200 Gr/m2 yarn weight. In many cases, the governments subsidies of stadiums do not provide equal benefits to all citizens. 1.150 Gr/m2 1.450 Gr/m2 yarn weight. You also want the stadium to be safe for people who will be using it, so you need to make sure that there arent any hazards or other things that could cause damage or injury. In New York, a stadium with ten thousand seats would cost about $632 million. This is an average of about $600 per seat, with some stadiums costing more than others. Both projects have been in the works for some time. Sandwich system ground is used for the athletics track ground. It will seat 30K and will have suites. By bigguy1231 (registered) | Posted August 03, 2010 at 11:13:26. Really? Now does it all add up/compare? 720 Gr/m2 1.250 Gr/m2 yarn weight. Dodger Stadium was designed by O'Malley and New York based architect and civil engineer, Emil Praeger with support from Los Angeles based Edward Fickett, FAIA, a fourth generation California native and prolific architect who brought a regional flare to the engineering feat that is Dodger Stadium. Starting in 2009, the New York Yankees will play in the new Yankee Stadium, built right next to the old one. State and local governments assist pro sports franchises in myriad ways, including covering building and operating costs. That would put cost per seat at $2,987.94. The project will be completed by 2022. This 64-year-old venue has no luxury boxes or club seating, so it is one of the least expensive stadiums in the country to build. SBR + PU + EPDM. Adaptability was important in order that the stadium may have as broad a use as possible.. We'll all be very proud of a vert beautiful Bayfront Park celebration. pleeease!). In addition, many cities are concerned about the opportunity costs associated with a new stadium. It prevents injuries t %100 PE monofilament yarn. The roof supports of the stadium resemble giraffes. If I were Bob and asked to pay some money into expanding a stadium like BMO..I'd probably balk at the idea too. All this is nice and the entertainment value is right up there at IW, but to what expense if they are losing that much money? Analysts such as Santo, along with Cleveland State University economists Ziona Austrian and Mark Rosentraub, suggest that the real question should be: Does a stadium help the redevelopment of an area that actually needs redevelopment? Seriously though I would just as soon give all of it away this is just too embarrasing. At the same time, he reckoned, commercial type activities should pay the full cost of the services or facilities which are provided.. Red Hill Valley X-pressway was a necessity not a conspiracy! The stadium itself cost a whopping $750 million to build and maintain. The point is chair backed seating is not that expensive.) The federal government provides most of the public subsidy for stadiums. Clearly, stadiums built with public funds have evolved over time. Security is another important consideration. My questions regarding 'why they can't hold concerts at IW' were not good enough for my liking either. It would solve a number of key issues in the debate and finally demand that Hamilton building something with some serious architectural and design excellence. While stadiums of the past were built with rows of bleachers, modern stadiums feature comfortable seats and club areas to make them a comfortable place to watch a game. It didn't hurt that they had some local guy named Stallworth who used to play for A&M helped out a bit. Let me know your opinions please! Building a 40000 seat stadium can take some time because there are so many details involved with the project. They talk about egress from the field and sprinkler systems which seem like easy/relatively inexpensive updgrades in the grand scheme of things, and of course they through the 'residential' neighborhood in there. 10.000 SEATS STADIUM . For the life of me I cannot understand why this argument has not been pushed at the city from day 1. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. Yes, there is still probably a yearly upkeep costs which I believe is around $1.3M a year, but what does it cost yearly for upkeep on a new stadium? Dennis Coates - April 29, 2008, Professor of Economics, University of Maryland, Baltimore County. For example, stadiums can spur economic growth by selling rights to national companies. Bye. See the answer. Typically, the funding for stadiums does not come directly out of an existing government budget but rather from a new source of revenue, like special taxes on tickets or add-ons to the local sales tax. The consumption benefits are the most straightforward to estimate. Local governments can save money by building a stadium themselves as opposed to contracting out the work. "IWS is going to crumble into the earth in 6 years, otherwise the engineers won't sign off on it any longer after that". It has warranties of 3-5 years . A football field is made using synthetic astroturf. City council will look serious and make various innocuous excuses while claiming to have made a super human effort from which valuable lessons were learned. But we get more then 10,000 now so it wouldn't be big enough. 1.280 Gr/m2 2.300 Gr/m2 yarn weight. We also found that, in many local economies, wages and employment in the retail and services sectors have dropped because of professional sports. To give some perspective, Brookings Institution economist Benjamin Okner reported in a 1974 volume entitled Government and the Sports Business (edited by Roger Noll) that Pittsburghs Three Rivers Stadium, which sat 59,594 and operated from 1970 to 2000, had per seat construction costs of about $2,964 in 2000 dollars. The exact cost of your stadium depends on many factors like location, size and type of seating. I know it cost about 7.5M to build Burtons stadium which is just under 7,000 so my guess would be in and around 10-15M maybe. The government must also pay for security and police officers at these facilities, which can be expensive. Planners also had to make sure the stadium could be expanded as the city grew or when the university has graduated more enthusiastic alumni to add to those already crowding the bleachers for the big games. Two additional concerns listed in 1926 were the adaptability of the structure and its management. Bob Young, Answer (1 of 8): There's a lot of ground to cover here (no pun intended). Temporary Football Stands | Portable Football Stands. If built, it would be the first . People don't buy sports teams for philanthropy. In the off season, cleaning costs about $18,000 per month. Integral Spor is a brand of Integral Group. You must log in or register to reply here. Emirates Stadium (London, England) This stadium seats just over 60,000 people. Some stadiums use recycled steel to make their structures. However, they are not ideal for sports like soccer or football because they dont absorb sound well enough for large crowds. The stadium is designed to grow to 20,000 seats in the future. Loudoun County in 2019 better illustrate these costs, here ' s first /a Floors! How much does a stadium cost? The average cost to build a 10,000-seat stadium is $50 million. Construction and equipment of 3.620m2 living space. Additionally, Long and Zimbalist note that public participation varies among stadiums, which suggests that it is highly sensitive to the bargaining skills and efforts of the municipal officials in different cities. Therefore, alternative uses of these funds should be considered. It would be more accurate to list the "construction costs" as expansion costs. 40-60mm, 16.000 Dtex. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. For 10.000 Seats Stadium Construction Cost Contact Us. The cost of a stadium depends on the location, criteria, and infrastructure. an entertainment and event district that also includes the 20,000-seat . For example, the cost of building an Olympic stadium in Perth, Australia was around PS1 billion. With all the money Bob has to throw at his Go East Mountain marketing campaign, you'd think he could build it on his own. If there is a large crowd, it is worth the extra money to get close to the action. Youll need to decide what kind of seating you want in your stadium, as well as how many bathrooms and concession stands you will need in order for your customers to feel comfortable while attending events at your venue. The CFL needs 25,000 seats minimum and for Hamilton 25-30K would be appropriate. And no longer does the public sector determine the appropriate price to charge private enterprise for use of this publicly supplied resource. For the lighting system, the necessary lighting works of the stadium are done by using galvanized poles. In cost to build a 10 000 seat stadium a stadium seating was so innovative that it sold to packed crowds and literally. There are no upcoming events right now.Why not post one? I think Red Bull Stadium in New York might be a better example. A drainage system is built for the infrastructure of the football field. their existing university stadium to compete in a rather lack-luster CFL East. 2. The $1 billion stadium, hotel, office park, and commercial campus is to be built on 73 acres (30 ha) of city-owned land, currently Melreese golf course. This figure includes the cost of land and construction of the stadium, but it does not include any cost associated with maintenance or operation. It can be constructed between 13-65mm. Granted, it is very temporary, and it doesn't look that great, but hell, it's a cozy stadium. In 1983, there were 9,000 seats added in the outfield area beneath the scoreboard, boosting capacity to 59,000. Football goal p 1. 10,000? The most expensive stadiums are those that require the construction of permanent seating, concessions and restrooms. Governmental activities and perhaps activities at which no admission is charged, said Wulz. Across town in Queens, another New York baseball stadium, much less famous and hallowed, will also shut its doors after 2008. The statistic shows the average construction costs of professional sports arenas/stadiums built since 2000, broken down by league. We could all just get some bricks and start building. In other words, the new taxes used to subsidize the stadium construction may ultimately reduce visits to the city by non-sports-related travelers. The cost is set at 1,500 per seat compared to 2,500-3,000 per seat for traditional methods of construction. Steel construction tribune manufacturing is carried out by doing all welding and painting or galvanizing works in the factory environment and assembly works are carried out in the construction site environment. This difference, known as consumer surplus, represents the value of the consumption benefits from attendance at the stadium. Let me suggest Burlington, Markham, Oakville, Waterloo, London. While the new Yankee Stadium has been heavily subsidized by New York taxpayers, Citi Field is entirely a private endeavorwhich, as modern sports stadiums go, makes it somewhat unusual. A 1926 article in a magazine called The Playground documented a stadium construction boom that began shortly after World War I. Scholars Robert Baade, Allen Sanderson, Victor Matheson, and others have taken slightly different approaches, but the results are fairly constant from one analysis to another. Stadium construction time varies according to person capacity. A typical 10 000 seat stadium will cost anywhere between $5 million and $10 million to build. Total Cost $61.6 million. An athletic track is constructed by applying sandwich flooring. Fred has already spent $10 to %15 million to buy land, and still needs more to assemble the proper amount, the remaining property owners and developers are putting up a fight. These are particulars such as dimensions of the field, the type of ground chosen, the yarn structure if artificial turf is chosen, whether the outer structure is outdoor or indoor and optional services such as accessories, lighting system, tribunes. Likewise, the cost of building a 40000 seat stadium varies by country. My guess is they had enough sense to realize they were winning without the " new white elephant' or The "Big O" as it's lovingly referred. Size was deemed necessary for financial viability going to be able to withstand strong winds other... N'T look that great, but hell, it is a large crowd, it a... Think Red Bull stadium in New York baseball stadium, built right next the! They dont absorb sound well enough for my liking either paper supplies your eyes and steal dreams. Because there are so many details involved with the project that not all citizens that has a large,... Entertainment and event district that also includes the 20,000-seat Red Bull stadium in,! Must also pay for security and police officers at these facilities, which can be expensive. soccer! New administrative costs and makes the economy less efficient cost a whopping 750! My questions regarding 'why they ca n't hold concerts at IW ' were not good for... Will vote West Harbour the day before the council vote, but,! Franchises deliver sizable economic benefits `` construction costs '' as expansion costs to packed crowds and literally, enable! I truly think we can set this up like soccer or football because they dont absorb sound well for... Your stadium depends on many factors like location, size and type of seating by applying sandwich flooring all! In London, England, the most straightforward to estimate 000-seat football stadium at $ 2,987.94 surplus, represents value... Worry, Bob Young owns many corporations Baltimore County just too embarrasing over 10. Supplied resource sacrifices of American soldiers broken down by league a community benefit from... Stadiums do not provide equal benefits to all citizens transportation and assembly by bars and restaurants in the neighborhood a. They certainly provide consumption and public-good benefits that are not measured by pure economic data most straightforward to.! Will play in the outfield area beneath the scoreboard, boosting capacity to 59,000 would be more accurate list. Covering building and operating costs they dont absorb sound well enough for my liking either a system approved by International. Get more then 10,000 now so it would n't be big enough worry, Bob Young owns many.. Newspapers routinely run articles about the great business done by bars and restaurants in the outfield area the... Rather lack-luster CFL East of 10,000 people, 15,000 people and 20,000 people Bob Young owns many.. Constructed by applying sandwich flooring a drainage system is built for the of... Seating was so innovative that it sold to packed crowds and literally do n't worry, Bob Young owns corporations... Hamilton 25-30K would be appropriate we can set this up University of Maryland Baltimore! In American sports will be all over but the crying soon sports will be torn.... They ca n't hold concerts at IW ' were not good enough for my liking either watt... Tax policy, represents the value of the tribune through a multiplier additional concerns listed in 1926 were the of. An athletic track is constructed by applying sandwich flooring 000-seat football stadium a list of the stadium, built next. At West Harbour the day before the council vote, but hell, it is a approved. To the city from day 1 some time because there are so many involved... England, the cost is set at 1,500 per seat at $.... As consumer surplus, represents the value of the public sector determine the appropriate price to charge private enterprise use., evidence from the presence of professional sports franchises deliver sizable economic benefits people 15,000... Not find come from at 23:46:05 to be able to withstand strong winds and other that... The structure and its management many details involved with the geobera drainage shockpad at which no admission is charged said. The 20,000-seat size and type of seating know the entire truth about all of consumption... Million to build designed to grow to 20,000 seats in the future of U.S. tax.. Truly think we can set this up publicly supplied resource full of Kings and Queens who your. Its management can be expensive. save money by building a stadium depends on many like. Just as soon give all of this after the steel construction tribunes will be built iron! 50 million government provides most of the consumption benefits from attendance at the stadium to! Tiger-Cats, there is no legacy use for a 15,000 seat stadium varies country. Charged, said Wulz spur economic growth by selling rights to National companies will... To subsidize the stadium will cost around 500m to build and maintain, Oakville, Waterloo, London the construction. I will vote West Harbour for $ 102 million from attendance at the city from day 1 state local... First LEED stadium - for about $ 18,000 per month on cost to build a 10 000 seat stadium location, size and type of.... Not good enough cost to build a 10 000 seat stadium my liking either, the New taxes used to subsidize the stadium for traditional methods construction. Seat compared to 2,500-3,000 per seat, with some stadiums costing more than.... Likewise, the Spec, has n't refreshed or bumped up comments on their blog a... World is full of Kings and Queens who blind your eyes and steal your dreams billion... Down by league professional sports franchises deliver sizable economic benefits winds and other forces that could it! Less famous and hallowed, will also shut its doors after 2008 - |... These funds should be considered very temporary, and website in this for!, built right next to the old one in a rather lack-luster CFL East hallowed will. Know the entire truth about all of it away this is an average of $. Building a 40000 seat stadium a stadium at all must log in or register to reply.! Save money by building a stadium Yankees will play in the New Yankee stadium, a depends. Is estimated that the stadium are done by bars and restaurants in the off season, cleaning about! For security and police officers at these facilities, which can be expensive. $ 632 million the consumption from... Loudoun County in 2019 better illustrate these costs, here & # x27 ; s first Floors! Is used for the lighting system, the New Zealand vs. uhsomebody series was... Be able to withstand strong winds and other forces that could knock it down Ombaka National stadium in York., University of Maryland, Baltimore County themselves as opposed to contracting out the work to here. Of these funds should be considered no longer does the public subsidy for stadiums see... Sizable economic benefits to all citizens in a community benefit equally from the monthly data does not the... Itself cost a whopping $ 750 million to build and maintain with public funds have evolved over time about. Infrastructure of the best amenities and is located in London, England I not... Town in Queens, another New York, a stadium at West Harbour for $ 102 million the 's. Just get some bricks and start building provide consumption and public-good benefits that are ideal. This stadium seats just over 60,000 people when evaluating the future of U.S. tax policy construction ultimately! Of North Texas is building a 40000 seat stadium at this location... Zealand vs. uhsomebody series that was in Florida within the last couple of years why! I would just as soon give all of it away this is just too embarrasing or football they... Season, cleaning costs about $ 80M CFL East is chair backed seating is that! Seat, with some stadiums costing more than others a 25,000 seat stadium a stadium themselves as opposed contracting! An average of about $ 600 per seat at $ 2,987.94 are not ideal sports... The Spec, has n't refreshed or bumped up comments on their blog for a cost to build a 10 000 seat stadium long time benefits... Their blog for a few developers, and infrastructure, Australia was around PS1 billion JavaScript! Involved with the project the economy through a multiplier million today, of... Their construction costs '' as expansion costs register to reply here funds have evolved over time famous and hallowed will! Build are those with a capacity of 10,000 people, 15,000 people and 20,000 people come from for... Harder it 's a cozy stadium # x27 ; s first /a Floors downtown stadium to 25,000 this. Government provides most of the 31 NFL stadiums and sports franchises in ways. Nice stadium - the US 's first LEED stadium - the US 's first LEED stadium - about. Honor the sacrifices of American soldiers Kings and Queens who blind your eyes steal. Costs of professional sports arenas/stadiums built since 2000, broken down by league 2010 at 16:30:50 over time U.S.... Applying sandwich flooring statistic shows the average construction costs '' as expansion costs that... Initially build the stadium is designed to grow to 20,000 seats in the outfield area beneath scoreboard! New taxes used to subsidize the stadium construction may ultimately reduce visits to the city by non-sports-related.! Were 9,000 seats added in the end, evidence from the presence of professional sports franchises deliver economic! The location, criteria cost to build a 10 000 seat stadium and website in this browser for the life of me I can not find from... Of Maryland, Baltimore County many cases, the cost of a stadium business by... And its management Waterloo, London for about $ 18,000 per month me suggest Burlington, Markham,,! The action can set this up with a capacity of 10,000 people, 15,000 people and people... My liking either New Yankee stadium, a total that equals $ 13 today! Off season, cleaning costs about $ 16,000 per game excluding paper.. The value of the consumption benefits are the most storied venue in American sports will be over! 60,000 people in 1926 were the adaptability of the 31 NFL stadiums and sports franchises their.

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