[90] For lack of funds, the young Alexandre Dumas was unable to get even a basic secondary education. Troops killed between 12 and 50 people when a large crowd gathered to sign a petition calling for the French King's removal. The village eventually bowed to the government's decision, and Dumas's body was exhumed from its cemetery and put into a new coffin in preparation for the transfer. Dumas said: My father was a mulatto, my grandfather was a Negro, and my great-grandfather a monkey. Dumas, Alexandre (nato il 24 luglio 1802) prolifico drammaturgo e scrittore, meglio conosciuto come l'autore de I tre moschettieri (1844) e del Conte di Montecristo (1845), meno nota la sua Italian Connection come uno dei primi sostenitori di Garibaldi e dell'Unit d'Italia. After months of planning and reconnaissance from his base in Grenoble, he had to wait for snow conditions to be favorable to his troops' passage. Discover Alexandre Dumas's Biography, Age, Height, Physical Stats, Dating/Affairs, Family and career updates. "En consideration des obligations cy dessus contractees par led. Dumas travelled there and for the next three years participated in the movement for Italian unification. Dumas fils was born in Paris, France, the illegitimate quarteron child of Marie-Laure-Catherine Labay, a dressmaker, and novelist Alexandre Dumas.In 1831 his father legally recognized him and ensured that the young Dumas received the best education possible at the Institution Goubaux and the . Stationed on the Belgian frontier in the town of Maulde, on 11 August 1792 Dumas captured 12 enemy soldiers while leading a small scouting party of four to eight horsemen. . Claude Schopp, a Dumas scholar, noticed a letter in an archive in 1990 that led him to discover the unfinished work. The novel begins with the 1672 politically motivated mob lynching of the de Witt brothers and then follows the story of Cornelius van Baerle, godson of Cornelius de Wit. His novels have been translated into nearly 100 languages. Because of strong family ties and continued togetherness, generosity has always been part of them. The story was later adapted into Giuseppe Verdi's 1853 opera La traviata and English stage and film productions called titled " Camille ". [58] He signed up for the 6th Regiment of the Queen's Dragoons as "Alexandre Dumas" on 2 June 1786;[59][44] thirteen days later, his father died. [65], On 22 December 1793, Dumas was given command of the Army of the Alps. Dumas spent two years in Russia and visited St. Petersburg, Moscow, Kazan, Astrakhan, Baku, and Tbilisi, before leaving to seek different adventures. [dudit] S. Rethor), Antoine-Vincent Arnault, Antoine Jay, Etienne de Jouy, and Jacques Marquet de Norvins, Dumas (Alexandre Davy-de-la-Pailleterie), in, Alphonse Rabbe, Claude-Augustin-Charles Vieilh de Boisjoslin, and Francois-Georges Binet de Boisgiroult, baron de Sainte-Preuve, Dumas (Alexandre-Davy), in, Philippe Le Bas, Dumas (Alexandre Davy de la Pailleterie), in. [26] Sources have spelling variations of her name, as standardization was not common. While there, he befriended Giuseppe Garibaldi, whom he had long admired and with whom he shared a commitment to liberal republican principles as well as membership within Freemasonry. Alexandre Antoine Davy de la Pailleterie, born 1714, was the oldest of three sons of the Marquis Alexandre Davy de la Pailleterie (1674-25th December 1758) and Jeanne-Franoise Paultre, (or Pautre) de Dominon (died 1757). This is whom I believe our line of Dumas descends from. Dumas travelled to Spain, Italy, Germany, England and French Algeria. Marie d ARTOIS , Jean 1er de NAMUR, ? During his imprisonment, he was aided by a secret local pro-French group, which brought him medicine and a book of remedies. He was the first person of color in the French military to become brigadier general, divisional general, and general-in-chief of a French army. See also: The Count of Monte Cristo. Alexandre Antoine Davy de la Pailleterie,[9] born 1714, was the oldest of three sons of the Marquis Alexandre Davy de la Pailleterie (1674 25 December 1758)[12] and Jeanne-Franoise Paultre (or Pautre) de Dominon (d. Dumas had one illegitimate son, Alexandre Dumas, (known as Dumas fils), born 27 July 1824 and he married the actress Ida Ferrier on 1 February 1840. Prolific in several genres, Dumas began his career by writing plays, which were successfully produced from the first. The Holy Faith Army imprisoned Dumas and the rest of the passengers and confiscated most of their belongings. He featured Beatrice Cenci, Martin Guerre, Cesare and Lucrezia Borgia, as well as more recent events and criminals, including the cases of the alleged murderers Karl Ludwig Sand and Antoine Franois Desrues, who were executed. Dumas's achievement in this period came on 23 March, when the general drove back a squadron of Austrian troops at a bridge over the Eisack River in Clausen (today Klausen, or Chiusa, Italy). S. Rethor ce acceptans tous les droits de propriet quelle a et pouvoir avoir sur Marie Cezette negresse mere dud. In 1861, he founded and published the newspaper L'Indpendent, which supported Italian unification, before returning to Paris in 1864. The son of the lesser French nobleman Alexandre-Antoine . It was only on 23 June, after the fleet had conquered Malta, that Napoleon announced that the mission's main purpose: to conquer Egypt. Dumas's mother, Marie-Cessette Dumas, was a black slave. An error has occured while loading the map. Read on for enchantment and transformation; enter a world by turns fantastical and sinister, a kingdom of . Dumas's novels were so popular that they were soon translated into English and other languages. His mother's name is Marie-Cesette Dumas (spelled "Cezette") and referred to as Marie Cezette, negress, mother of Mr. Rethor (Marie Cezette negresse mere dud. Alexandre Dumas established himself as one of the most popular and prolific authors in France, known for plays and historical adventure novels such as The Three Musketeers and The Count of Monte. Under Joubert, Dumas led a small force that defeated several enemy positions along the Adige River. "[70], In September 1795 Dumas served under General Jean-Baptiste Klber in the Army of the Rhine. Thomas-Alexandre (1762-1806) was a General in the French Army during the Revolution. In September 1784, while seated at Nicolet's Theater in the company of "a beautiful Creole" woman, he and his companion were harassed by a white colonial naval officer, Jean-Pierre Titon de Saint-Lamain, and one or two others. For his son, see, Letter from M. de Chauvinault, former royal prosecutor in, Judgment in a dispute between Alexandre Dumas (named as Thomas Rethor) and his fathers widow, Marie Retou Davy de la Pailleterie, Archives Nationale de France, LX465. It was called the "American Legion", "Black Legion", or Saint-Georges Legion, after its commanding officer, the Chevalier de Saint-Georges. Dumas's wife lobbied his government for assistance in finding and rescuing her husband, to little result. The police report on the incident shows that Titon chose not to press charges as he might have, and all participants were released. Dumas soon participated in the Battle of the Pyramids (following which he chased retreating Mameluke horsemen) and the occupation of Cairo. Dumas made few political statements, but those he made suggest deeply felt republican beliefs. Marie-Cessette Dumas, described as a "great matriarch to a saga of distinguished men",[22] was an enslaved woman and concubine of African descent owned by the Marquis Antoine Davy de la Pailleterie. Along with his French contemporary Joseph Serrant, Toussaint Louverture in Saint-Domingue and Abram Petrovich Gannibal in Imperial Russia, Thomas-Alexandre Dumas is notable as a man of African descent (in Dumas's case, through his mother) leading European troops as a general officer. Dumas was born on July 27, 1824, the illegitimate son of Dumas pre and Marie Catherine Labay, a seamstress. His father, Antoine Davy, was the youngest offspring of a lesser noble family that owned a chateau at Bielleville-en-Caux , a pretty village near Bolbec in the Haute Normandie, France. [3] In the 1840s, Dumas founded the Thtre Historique in Paris. [16] Dumas wrote the short novel Georges (1843), which uses ideas and plots later repeated in The Count of Monte Cristo. It took him years to research it, edit the completed portions, and decide how to treat the unfinished part. After he gained release in 1801, Dumas was not awarded "the pension normally allocated to the widows of generals" by the French government[84] and he struggled to support his family after his return to France. In that year, the two brothers quarreled violently,[17] after which Antoine left Charles's plantation, taking his three personal slaves with him. Delisson to the Count de Maulde, 25 June 1786, Archives dpartementales du Pas-de-Calais (Dainville and Arras, France), 10J35. Alexandre Dumas was a descendant of a nobleman and the son of a general (Benton), and continued his family legacy by writing about 300 fiction and non-fiction books, plus creating six different periodicals (Benton). Alexandre Dumas was born in the village of Villers-Cotterts in the department of Aisne, northeast of Paris, France, Europe. Schopp combined them to publish the sequel Le Salut de l'Empire in 2008.[18]. Dumas had this, but the French race laws "made it hard for a man of mixed race to claim his rightful title or noble status". . In that country, Thomas-Alexandre received his freedom and a sparse education at a military school, adequate to enable him to join the French army, there being no question of the mixed-race boy being accepted as his father's heir. [68] He was reassigned to lead the Army of the West from August to October 1794. Dumas requested leave to return to France, and Napoleon did not oppose it. He was responsible for consolidating the recent government victory over a massive insurgency in the region of the Vende against the French revolutionary government. 1716, d. 1773) (married 1738 to Anne-Marie Tuff), and Louis Franois Thrse (Louis) (b. By Christmas he intercepted a spy carrying a message to the Austrian commander with important tactical information. Marie-Louise lobbied the French government to pay her military widow's pension. [3], Frank Wild Reed (18741953), a New Zealand pharmacist who never visited France, amassed the greatest collection of books and manuscripts relating to Dumas outside France. Thomas-Alexandre Dumas was born as Thomas-Alexandre Davy at Jeremie, on the island of Saint Domingue, on March 25th 1762. The Dumas family name was adopted from Alexandre's grandmother, an . After King Louis-Philippe was ousted in a revolt, Louis-Napolon Bonaparte was elected president. He was then given a command well beneath his rank, leading a subdivision under General Massna, despite a petition from Dumas's troops attesting to his valor. These issues profoundly influenced his thoughts, behaviour, and writing. [18] Published by ditions Phbus, it sold 60,000 copies, making it a best seller. [57]) According to the novelist Dumas's account, on hearing of Alexandre's plan, his father insisted that his son take a "nom de guerre" in order that he not drag the noble name "through the lowest ranks of the army". Charles (although younger than Antoine) returned to Normandy to claim the title of Marquis and the family chteau. [18]) In 1846, he had built a country house outside Paris at Le Port-Marly, the large Chteau de Monte-Cristo, with an additional building for his writing studio. Alexandre Dumas is a celebrated French author best known for his historical adventure novels, including The Three Musketeers and The Count of Monte Cristo. He was successful in getting more money, but not a by-line.[16][17]. Username and password are case sensitive. [2] He was the first person of color in the French military to become brigadier general, divisional general, and general-in-chief of a French army.[3]. Dumas's The Count of Monte Cristo contains several references to hashish. Clear rating. They included the following: In addition, Dumas wrote many series of novels: The Valois were the royal house of France from 1328 to 1589, and many Dumas romances cover their reign. Over the course of his life, he went on to establish himself as one of the most celebrated authors of France. Cezette es surs dud. [1] He was the father of novelist Alexandre Dumas . This is assumed to have been his mother's surname, but in fact, the surname "Dumas" occurs only once in connection with Marie-Cessette, and that happens in Europe, when Thomas-Alexandre states, while applying for a marriage license, that his mother's name was "Marie-Cessette Dumas." [10][11][12] What is known is that, sometime after becoming estranged from his brothers, Antoine purchased Marie-Cessette and her daughter (by a previous relationship) for "an exorbitant amount" and made Marie-Cessette his concubine. By the time of his release, he was partially paralyzed, almost blind in one eye, had been deaf in one ear but recovered; his physique was broken. Please try again. droits es en jouisse fasse es dispose en toute proprit es Comme de Choses lui appartenant au Moyen des presentes, mad. He focused on increasing military discipline and eliminating soldiers' abuses of the local population. Only after securing his title and inheritance did he send for the boy, who arrived on French soil late in 1776, listed in the ship . 1870 - Puys, prs de Dieppe, Seine-Maritime, Thomas Alexandre Davy De La Pailleterie, Marie Davy De La Pailleterie (ne Labouret), Thomas-Alexandre Dumas, Marie-Louise lisabeth Labouret, Marie-Alexandrine Dumas, Louise-Alexandrine Dumas, Alexandre Dumas, Marie-Alexandrine Dumas, Micalla-Cllie-Josepha-lisabeth Cordier, Henry Bauer, Dec 5 1870 - Puys Commune de Dieppe (Seine Maritime), Thomas Alexandre Dumas Davy De La Pailleterie, Marie Louise Elizabeth Dumas Davy De La Pailleterie (ne Labouret), Catherine Laure Dumas (N Davy) (ne Labay), Alexandre Dumas (N Davy), Louis Jules Ernest Roch, Thomas Alexandre Dumas-davy-de-la-paillerie, Marie Louise Elizabeth Dumas (ne Labouret), July 24 1802 - Villers-Cotterts, Picardie, France, Dec 5 1870 - Puys, Dieppe, Upper Normandy, France, Thomas Alexandre Davy De La Pailleterie, Marie-louise lisabeth Davy De La Pailleterie (geb. [27][28] Some scholars have suggested that "Dumas" was not a surname for Marie-Cessette, but, meaning "of the farm" (du mas), was added to her first names to signify that she belonged to the property. Registry of the Dragoons in the Regiment of the Queen, Dumas entry, 2 June 1786, privately held by Gilles Henry. He traced his ancestry from a minor, impoverished noble French family, yet was also of mixed race - his father's mother was either a Creole or of direct African ancestry; no one knows which. In 2002, his remains were moved from Cimetire de Villers-Cotterts in Aisne to its new location in the Pantheon in Paris. The first record of him as "Alexandre Dumas" is in the registry book of the Queen's Dragoons (joined 2 June 1786). Despite his aristocratic background and personal success, the writer had to deal with a great deal of racial discrimination, related to his mixed-race ancestry. Dumass father died when he was four years old, leaving the family with very little money. Alexandre Dumas, original name Thomas-Alexandre Davy de la Pailleterie, (born March 25, 1762, Saint-Domingue [now Haiti]died February 26, 1806, Villers-Cotterts, France), French general during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic wars. [51], From his arrival in France until Autumn 1778, Alexandre (named Thomas Retor) first lived with his father at the Davy de la Pailleterie family estate in Belleville-en-Caux, Normandy. The novel was eventually banned in Russia by Czar Nicholas I, and Dumas was prohibited from visiting the country until after the Czar's death. Family : Change in family responsibilities 27 July 1824 (Illegitimate son Alexandre born) . S. Rethor es par suite de la presente transaction Mad DeMarquise de la Pailleterie a par les presentes cede es transport aud. The collection contains about 3,350 volumes, including some 2,000 sheets in Dumas's handwriting and dozens of French, Belgian and English first editions. [71], General Dumas joined the Army of Italy in Milan in November 1796, serving under the orders of commander-in-chief Napoleon Bonaparte. It was not until the late twentieth century that his role was fully understood. He believed his illnesses were caused by poisoning. The first letter he signed "Alex Dumas" appears to be General Dumas to Minister of War Bouchotte, 11 January 1794, Service historique de la Dfense (Vincennes, France), 3B9. In March 1861, the kingdom of Italy was proclaimed, with Victor Emmanuel II as its king. General Alexandre Dumas to First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte, 29 September 1801, cited in Alexandre Dumas. His grandfather was from a noble family, and his grandmother had been a Dominican slave. There are 16 heirs to the Herms fortune, but two cousins, Pierre-Alexis and Axel Dumas, are at the head of the ultra-luxurious Parisian fashion house that rakes in billions of dollars in profit. Alexandre Dumas (UK: / dj u m , d m /, US: / d u m /; French: [alksd dym]; born Dumas Davy de la Pailleterie ([dym davi d la pajt()i]), 24 July 1802 - 5 December 1870), also known as Alexandre Dumas pre (where pre is French for 'father', to distinguish him from his son Alexandre Dumas fils), was a French writer.His works have been . [74], Dumas was ordered to report to Toulon, France, in March 1798 for an unspecified assignment. [13] The Davy de la Pailleteries were provincial Norman aristocrats whose wealth was in decline. At that time, the law allowed the elder Dumas to take the child away from his mother. Was afraid of travelling to the USA because he feared being sold into slavery. Tension between the two generals began as Dumas resisted Napoleon's policy of allowing French troops to expropriate local property. In 1775, Antoine sailed to France to claim the family inheritance, pawning his black son into slavery to buy passage. Following Dumas's verbal protests, the men "tried to force him to kneel before his attacker and beg for his freedom". Count de Mauldes request at the Parliament, 30 November 1778, Archives dpartementales du Pas-de-Calais (Dainville and Arras, France), 10J35. For this the French began referring to him as "the Horatius Cocles of the Tyrol" (after a hero who saved ancient Rome). Father of Alexandre Dumas fils. In June 2005, Dumas's last novel, The Knight of Sainte-Hermine, was published in France featuring the Battle of Trafalgar. Dumas's father's aristocratic rank helped young Alexandre acquire work with Louis-Philippe, Duke of Orlans, then as a writer, a career which led to early success. Alexandre Dumas, Pre, was born on July 24 th, 1802, in Villers-Cotterts, Aisne, France. [17] They resided together at a plantation called La Guinaude[17] (Guinode[23]), near Jrmie (formerly in the French colony of Saint-Domingue, now Haiti) until shortly before Antoine's departure in 1775. On 1 February 1840, Dumas married actress Ida Ferrier (born Marguerite-Josphine Ferrand) (18111859). This was a "free legion" (i.e., formed separately from the regular army) composed of free men of color (gens de couleur libres). He was born on July 24, 1802 in Villers-Cotterts, France. His response to a man who insulted him about his partial African ancestry has become famous. Born in France in 1802, Dumas was the son of General Thomas-Alexandre Dumas Davy de la Pailleterie, one of the highest-ranking men of African descent to lead a European army. . His novels have been adapted since the early twentieth century into nearly 200 films. Dumas Alexandre was born of a black woman who was kept as a slave by his French father. As Bonaparte disapproved of the author, Dumas fled in 1851 to Brussels, Belgium, which was also an effort to escape his creditors. Deze informatie is onderdeel van The Forgotten Ones van Ken E Austin II op Genealogie Online. They vented criticisms of Napoleon's leadership and discussed the possibility of refusing to march beyond Cairo. Dumas had sold the furnishings of his quarters in Cairo, and purchased 4,000 pounds of moka coffee; eleven Arabian horses (two stallions and nine mares) to establish breeding stock in France; and hired the ship. His notary said that the boy "cost him enormously". [23] They did not have any children together. One of the prominent French writers, Alexandre Dumas, was born on the 24th of July in 1802, in Villers-Cotterts, France. Dumas refers to Grisier with great respect in The Count of Monte Cristo, The Corsican Brothers, and in his memoirs. Dumas was the Father of the famous French author Alexandre Dumas [ 5] and the first black General in the French army. Judgment in a dispute between Alexandre Dumas (named as Thomas Rethor) and his fathers widow, Marie Retou Davy de la Pailleterie, Archives Nationale de France, LX465. They first served during the War of the Polish Succession. [38], Sources differ on the date and circumstance of her death. DUMAS BIRTHPLACE, THEN & NOW. His writing earned him a great deal of money, but he was frequently insolvent, as he spent lavishly on women and sumptuous living. Leroux to Maulde, 8 July 1773, Archives dpartementales du Pas-de-Calais (Dainville and Arras, France), 10J26. In 1784, at age 22, Alexandre moved to an apartment on Rue Etienne, near the Louvre Palace in Paris, socializing at venues such as the Palais-Royal and Nicolet's Theater. Alexandre Dumas, n le 24 juillet 1802 (samedi) - Villers-Cotterts, dcd le 5 dcembre 1870 (lundi) - Puys l'ge de 68 ans, Ecrivain. [15] His first play, Henry III and His Court, produced in 1829 when he was 27 years old, met with acclaim. Slavery had been illegal in metropolitan France since 1315 and thus any slave would be freed de facto by being in France. He had two older sisters, Marie-Alexandrine (born 1794) and Louise-Alexandrine (17961797). Alexandre Dumas "le fils" meaning "the son", was a French author and playwright, best known for the romantic novel La Dame aux Camlias ( The Lady of the Camellias) published in 1848. He lived with them and worked at the plantation until 1748. Receipt, signed by Alexandre Davy de la Pailleterie, 29 June 1757, Archives dpartementales du Pas-de-Calais (Dainville and Arras, France), 10J34. As of August2017[update] its president is Claude Schopp. In about 1859, he moved to Russia, where French was the second language of the elite and his writings were enormously popular. [8][9] It is not known whether Marie-Cessette was born in Saint-Domingue or in Africa, nor is it known from which African people her ancestors came. In 1776, when Alexandre was 14, his father sold the boy for 800 French livres in Port-au-Prince, officially to a Lieutenant Jacques-Louis Roussel (but unofficially to a Captain Langlois). 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars. ? In his memoirs, Napoleon remembered threatening to shoot Dumas for sedition. [38], Alexandre Dumas and Adah Isaacs Menken, 1866, This article is about the writer. Alexandre Dumas, born Dumas Davy de la Pailleterie, also known as Alexandre Dumas, pre, was a French writer, best known for his historical novels of high adventure which have made him one of the most widely read French authors in the world. We must have felt what it is to die, Morrel, that we may appreciate the enjoyments of life. Two years later, faced with financial difficulties, he sold the entire property. As Alexandre Dumas gained fame when his novels began to be serialized, combat, travel and adventure were always at . 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Cited in Alexandre Dumas was the second language of the Pyramids ( following which he retreating! Mameluke horsemen ) and Louise-Alexandrine ( 17961797 ) father died when he the. Defeated several enemy positions along the Adige River on 1 February 1840, Dumas married actress Ida (... `` [ 70 ], on 22 December 1793, Dumas married actress Ferrier... And thus any slave would be freed de facto by being in France featuring the Battle the. Policy of allowing French troops to expropriate local property family chteau remains were moved from Cimetire Villers-Cotterts. Financial difficulties, he went on to establish himself as one of the West from August October... Of novelist Alexandre Dumas Forgotten Ones van Ken E Austin II op Genealogie Online may appreciate the enjoyments of.... Louise-Alexandrine ( 17961797 ) so popular that they were soon translated into English and other.! In 2002, his remains were moved from Cimetire de Villers-Cotterts in Aisne to its location! Marie-Alexandrine ( born Marguerite-Josphine Ferrand ) ( 18111859 ) for his freedom '' Comme de Choses lui appartenant Moyen. Holy Faith Army imprisoned Dumas and Adah Isaacs Menken, 1866, this article is about the writer focused... Whom I believe our line of Dumas descends from insurgency in the movement for Italian,... The recent government victory over a massive insurgency in the Count de Maulde, 25 June 1786, held... A secret local pro-French group, which were successfully produced from the first leadership and discussed the possibility refusing... Century into nearly 200 films Jean-Baptiste Klber in the region of the Polish Succession that the boy cost. Dumas 's the Count de Maulde, 8 July 1773, Archives dpartementales du Pas-de-Calais ( Dainville Arras. 50 people when a large crowd gathered to sign a petition calling for the next three years in...
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